Anaerobic biotechnology for simultaneous Sulfate Reduction and Ammonium Oxidation

• Main Authors: Huang, Chun-Fu, 黃俊富
• Other Authors: Lin, Jih-Gaw
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96671095790141900371

碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 環境工程系所 === 105 === Semiconductor industries in Taiwan generates high ammonium and sulfate containing wastewaters which creates complication of the industrial park wastewater treatment plant due to its wastewater characteristics, i.e., lower pH, no/low biological oxygen demand (BOD). Ammonium removal is an energy intensified process for every mg of ammonium, 4.5 mg of dissolve oxygen is required for microorganisms. Traditional nitrogen removal involves nitrification (oxidation of ammonium to nitrite then nitrate) following by denitrification (reduction of nitrate to nitrite then nitrogen with organic carbon as electron donor). These multistep biochemical process not only require energy for aeration but organic carbon will transform into green-house gas. Nitritation/Anammox process instead of traditional process can save 60% of energy consumption and no added organic matters means without green-house gas emission in recent years. According the different wastewater characteristics, new process have been published which can save 100% of energy use. Using sulfate instead of free oxygen oxidizing ammonium to nitrite in Nitritation process and combining with Anammox process to nitrogen gas is hypothesized that call “Sulfate Reduction and Ammonium Oxidation (SRAO)”. This research operating a continuous upflow reactor with one litre volume under hydraulic retention time is seven days. The average ammonium and sulfate loading rate are 23 g N m-3 d-1 and 14 g S m-3 d-1, respectively. Molar ratio of influent NH4+:SO42- about 4:1 and control the pH value around 8.5. The average ammonium removal efficiency is 98% and removal rate about 22.5 g NH4+-N m-3 d-1 after 750 days cultured, and accumulate rate of nitrite and nitrate are 0.4 g NO2- -N m-3 d-1 and 3 g NO3- -N m-3 d-1, respectively. Using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to quality and quantity the microorganisms that a kind of molecular biotechnology and the results shows Anammox definitely is dominant bacteria than AOB, NOB and others after long term cultured. Unfortunately, biological information of SRAO bacteria still rare that lead to can’t ensure its quality and quantity yet.