| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 公共行政與政策學系 === 105 === The aim of this study is to investigate the principle and purpose of legal amendments to laws governing integration of real estate income in the taxation system, the resulting impact to tax fairness and residential justice, and advantages and disadvantages for enforcing the policy. Another aim is to provide, by referring to the results of this study, recommendations for policy and actual practice for future reference. In-depth interviews for qualitative research were implemented for this study. Interview subjects include personnel involved with the taxation of land and housing transactions, professionals, real estate agents, and parties engaged in the transfer, sales, and purchase of real estate.
Results of the study reveal that the integration of real estate income in the taxation system corrected issues of unfair taxation caused by separate taxation on real estate transactions, and provided tax exemptions or tax benefits to self-occupied property. The policy is therefore able to improve tax fairness and residential justice. Nevertheless, aspects such as separate taxation on housing and land transaction, adoption of different taxation standards for real estate transactions by individuals and by profit-seeking enterprises, inability to carryforward tax losses under the old system to offset income from the new system, and a 3-year limit on loss carryforward for the new system contradicted the goals of achieving fairness, government encouragement for long-term home owning, and suppression of short-term speculation. These observations revealed material gaps between the results from enforcing the integration of real estate income in the taxation system and the original aims of the legal revisions.
This study proposes, according to the findings, two categories of recommendations. The first category is based on policy: 1. using progressive tax rates for housing and land transaction income when determining the integrated income tax; 2. levying additional income tax for housing and land transaction of profit-seeking enterprises for property held for less than 2 years; 3. allowing tax deductions for transaction income under the new system to offset transaction losses under the old system; and 4. extending the time limit for carryforward of housing and land transaction losses. The other category is based on package measures: 1. building more social housing to address housing demands 2. provide housing subsidies to achieve residential justice; 3. review and update property taxes; and 4. enforce policies governing publicly announced current value of property and gradually adjust said value to the market price to perfect the system.
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