| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 歷史學系碩士班 === 105 === Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781-1841) was a german architect in early nineteenth century, he who was employed by the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm III (1770-1840, reigned 1797-1840) as Geheimer Oberbaurat, and civil servant, in charge of architectural design in the Kingdom of Prussia. After Wiener Kongress (1814-1815), Friedrich Wilhelm III realized that the reorganization of the city could demonstrate the prestige of the rulers and better demonstrate the strength of national power by promoting urban prosperity and social progress. With the help of architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel, who designed “Neue Wache”, “Schauspielhaus”, “Altes Museum”, “the Palace Bridge” and “Berliner Bauakademie” completely, and gradually fulfil the desire of the King of Prussia of building “Spree-Athen” in Berlin.
The academical researche started to discuss the architectural design of Karl Friedrich Schinkel in Berlin in the earliest days of the nineteenth century. For a long time, even now in German academical researches, Schinkel is generally regarded as an architect of the Prussian Kingdom. The main directions of discussion are: (1) the architectural style and shape of Schinkel’s design in Berlin; (2) The personal life experience of Schinkel. However, when I read and searched for research results and graphics, I found that Schinkel's urban design in Berlin did not only meet the needs of contemporary Berlin; but also the solution of traffic problems. With the limited fund from Kingdom of Prussia, he use limited resources to refresh the layout of the urban environment in Berlin and improve the uneven development of the city of Berlin, making the cityscape of the Old City (Alt Stadt) and the New City(Neue Stadt) of Berlin more orderly. The construction of Berlin in Schinkel’s time has become the pioneer for development of Berlin; also, the constructions are as the the announcement, which announce to the others that the Kingdom of Prussia has become a powerful Kingdom in the 19th century.
Based on the above reasons, I hope in this article I can explore the contributions of Schinkel’s environmental planning in Berlin; in addition, trying to discuss the constructions of Berlin from Schinkel, discussing the special features of Berlin in the 19th century and its process of becoming the "cultural capital" (Kunsthauptstadt).
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