| Summary: | 碩士 === 遠東科技大學 === 機械工程研究所 === 105 === Fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil are non-renewable. To use these materials as the energy sources will cause the negative impact on the environment and climate change in terms of contributing to the greenhouse effect. Therefore, the research for green and renewable energy that promises a reduced environmental impact is a glo bal phenomenon. Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable. Sludge palm oil (SPO) with high acid value is the surplus waste from the palm oil extraction process, and it is very low-priced and mass-production. It only costs 40% of the list price for crude palm oil. Malaysia, Philippines and Africa produce large amounts of SPO.
In the present study, the two-step catalized process was used to transfer SPO into biodiesel. It has been shown that the free fatty acid could almost react into fatty acid methyl ester by acid catalization. The more acid was added, the more faster the esterification reaction rate. The transesterification reaction rate reach Equilibrium in 15 mins using 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 wt.% NaOH as the catalyst. After two-step reaction, the concentration of methyl ester just reaches 95.9 wt.%. However, it can reach 99.8 wt.% after distillation at reduced pressure.
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