| Summary: | 碩士 === 中原大學 === 企業管理研究所 === 105 === In the recent years, the R.O.C. Armed Forces has launched a series of systematic armed forces downsizing programs named as “ Jingjin”, “Jingshih”, “Jing-Tsui” and “Yong Ku”, which results in an ongoing decline in the number of military technicians. Consequently, workforce shortages, work pressure and rapidly increasing workload have led to high retirement rate of technicians, and a skills gap is grown in the armed forces. In the armed forces, techniques of technicians are highly professional with relatively special task attributes; as a result, it is not easy to foster a technician and requires extremely high costs. For the air force, the aircraft availability correlates closely with the techniques and experiences of a technician. However, on account of a series of policies and systems, the high professional and experienced technicians chose to discharge from the armed forces, which causes a sharp decline in the talent pool and their techniques and experiences are hard to pass down to new ones. Therefore, how the technicians’ intension of stay could be raised up so that the training costs could be decreased and talent loss could be avoided, is an extremely important research subject for the air force, in particular, the flying unit.
In the study, Delphi method was applied to interview high-ranking officers in the armed forces, and built a conceptual framework applicable to the key factors to affect the technicians’ intension of stay. Subsequently, DEMATEL and Analytic Network Process (ANP) in the Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), which are effective to analyze key factors and causation, were applied to analyze the questionnaire results. The interviewees of the questionnaire focused on technicians who serve in the A unit of a flying unit in the air force for repair and maintenance or supply or base service. The results showed that “work pressure”, “ policy and system”, “ workload” ,“ job security”, “ promotion & development opportunity” and “fair reward” are key factors to affect the technicians’ intension of study.
The causation in the study showed that to effectively raise up the technicians’ intension of stay could initiate from the aspect of “ policy and system” or “work pressure”. However, “ policy and system” is the cause, and “work pressure” is the effect; therefore, it is reasonable to initiate from the aspect of “ policy and system” to improve the impact of the other key factors. Technicians have suffered from work pressure and workload as a result of workforce demand and supply being not balanced and overlong working hours because of the current “policy and system” in the armed forces and this comparatively affects their intension of stay. In addition, the causation also showed that “work pressure”, “workload” and “fair award” are three primary concerns to make comprehensive“ policies and systems”, and the improvement strategies are listed as the followings:
1.For work pressure, it is suggested for the arm forces to make policies and systems
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which meet demands of the current units, and to comprehensively open and promote off- hours advanced studies to encourage officers for multiple learning and technique training so that their work pressure could be decreased to improve the current difficulty.
2.For workload, it is suggested to initiate policy and system revisions. In addition, the armed forces could host open day activities and graduating class visits to raise up national defense awareness to decrease the sense of workload.
3.For fair award, it is suggested to make a systematic and comprehensive award plan to satisfy technicians. As a result, they would like to continue serving in the armed forces and subsequently, the overall combat effectiveness could be strengthened and the potential crisis could be managed.
In addition, interviewees in the study were from two groups: current senior technicians in the armed forces and retired ones. The results showed that “work pressure”, “ policy and system”, “ job security”, “ workload” and “ promotion & development opportunity” are key factors for the air force to keep its technicians.
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