| Summary: | 碩士 === 中華大學 === 工業管理學系 === 105 === Electronic components make up a substantial proportion of Taiwan’s total imports and exports. According to statistics from the Ministry of Finance, the proportion has been as high as 26.5% over the past 5 years. Recently, globalized market competition and shortening product life cycles have made market demands extremely difficult to predict. The Ministry of Finance indicates that from January to December 2016, the peak and trough of the annual growth rate for Taiwan’s exports and imports was at 26.9% and −6.59%, respectively, revealing an approximately 33% difference between the high season and low season. Furthermore, a review of financial statements from major listed electronic components manufacturers revealed that the proportion of direct labor costs has seen a yearly growth from 14.1% in 2011 to 18.8% in 2015. Similarly, the other production costs (including indirect labor costs) have grown from 25.7% to 33.94%. Based on these statistics, it is obvious that the proportionally high increase in direct labor costs now have a direct influence on manufacturers’ profit margin. Therefore, in the face of constantly changing external and globalized market competition, identifying a more effective way to allocate human resources to reduce costs and improve efficiency has become a focal point of human resource management.
This study examined the electronic components industry and used integer planning to establish (with consideration for costs and regulatory restrictions) decision-making parameters for cost-related factors in a model for optimal workforce allocation. This model was then employed to identify and empirically test optimized combinations of workforce allocation and overtime hours. The results confirmed that compared with experience-based deployment, the integer-planned mathematical model is more effective at reducing labor costs and labor hours.
This study also conducted a sensitivity analysis on the changes in production capacity, estimated order demand, workforce allocation, labor costs, overtime hours and staffing allocation. The results indicated that workforce allocation is a key factor influencing labor costs.
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