| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺北市立大學 === 音樂學系 === 104 === This research aimed to investigate current status of string orchestras at junior and senior high schools in northern Taiwan. Their organization and training condition, students members’ learning situations as well as difficulties were studied. The differences caused by the background variables of schools and directing teachers were also analyzed. A survey study was conducted by distributing the researched-developed questionnaires to the 62 string orchestras of 59 schools in Taipei City, New Taipei City, Keelung City, Taoyuan City, Yilan County, Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County. Among them, 58 valid questionnaires returned to reach a response rate of 93%. They were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, independent t-test as well as one-way ANOVA. The conclusions were drawn based on the research findings as follows:
Regarding the formation status of junior and high school string orchestras:
Firstly, Taipei City had the biggest number of orchestras, followed by New Taipei City, Taoyuan City, Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County, Yilan County while there was none in Keelung City.
Secondly, most string orchestras were from the public junior and high schools as well as from the big-scale (36 classes or more) schools.
Regarding the organization aspects of junior and high school string orchestras:
Firstly, most of the string orchestras adopted a small-scale organization. The teaching personnel was found to be complete while very few orchestras involved preparatory orchestras or hired external administrative staff.
Secondly, they recruited mostly the first-year student members. Students had to pass the selecting process, and then they got to choose their own instruments.
Thirdly, the chair or the supplementary chair were assigned mostly by the teacher according to their performing ability, leadership as well as learning attitude.
Fourthly, they normally practiced in regular places; the funding was mostly from the students’ fee.
Fifthly, the school administrative sessions were helpful in performing organization, out-of-school contests and member recruiting.
Sixthly, their organization difficulties mostly came from the problem of member recruiting.
Seventhly, significant differences were found in the organization difficulties between public or private school string orchestras.
Regarding the training aspects of junior and high school string orchestras:
Firstly, they mostly rehearsed 3-4 hours per week, and practiced during the string orchestra club curriculum time, after school as well as weekends. They differed tremendously in the days of the summer training camps.
Secondly, the ensemble and session practice were regular curriculum, in which the focus was placed on basic training and the assessment was conducted through practicing conditions and performance assessment.
Thirdly, 60% of the groups adopted certain music materials, and the repertoire was chosen mainly upon the members’ ability.
Fourthly, 90% of the groups got to participate in live performances; half of them held outcome-presenting concerts.
Fifthly, 70% of the groups took part in the national students music contests, and they were awarded at least the third-class.
Sixthly, their training difficulties mostly came from the problem of training time.
Seventhly, significant differences were found in the training difficulties between the school string orchestras of varied school sizes.
Regarding the learning situation aspects of junior and high school string orchestras:
Firstly, students were regarded to possess a good attitude toward orchestra participation.
Secondly, students were regarded to be able to feasibly respond to the conductor’s demands.
Thirdly, students achieved well in their performing postures and tuning.
Fourthly, students’ learning difficulties mostly resulted from the pressure of entrance examinations.
Fifthly, the practicing approaches, content and assessment methods were helpful to the students.
Sixthly, the rehearsing effect tended to be lowered by students’ ability or lack of practice.
Seventhly, students’ basic performing skill was found to be the major cause of poor rehearsing presentation.
Lastly, significant differences were found in the learning situations between the school string orchestras of varied school sizes.
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