| Summary: | 碩士 === 大同大學 === 化學工程學系(所) === 104 === Biomass is a renewable energy with the advantageous of more technology, commercial operation ability and high economic efficiency. For the use of waste materials, both waste recycling and energy production can get double benefit. The biodiesel manufacturing technology and its related researches are currently a highlight research topic. One example of these studies is to thermally decompose biomass material at a high temperature with oxygen free environment. After direct thermal decomposition of the organic component for the reaction temperature and pressure is generally between 650-800 K and 0.1 - 0.5 MPa, the major products include liquid oil, solid charcoal and gaseous compounds, which can be used as fuel, chemicals and solvents. Fast pyrolysis of biomass oil under oxygen free conditions with rapidly heated to a high temperature reaction can decompose large molecules into smaller molecules, including gas and condensable volatile molecules as well as a small amount of coke products. The condensable volatile molecules can be rapidly transferred into liquid as biomass oil.
In this study, a pilot-scale fixed bed reactor for fast pyrolysis of waste cooking oil was designed and used. The influence on thermal cracking reaction with different operation temperature and feed flow rate were investigated. The results of fast pyrolysis were also compared with soybean oil as a feed material. The pyrolysis products analysis included thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), acid value, elemental analysis (EA), density and calorific value. It was found the operating temperature 500℃ and the feed flow rate 30 g/min could get the best operating results in a continuous fixed bed reactor. The yield of bio-oil is 81.30% under the optimal operation. After distillation of the liquid product, the composition of 23.60% of heavy oil and 72.61% of light fraction can be obtained. The results showed that the thermal cracking reaction of waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel is a promising technology for waste oil recycle.
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