| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 犯罪學研究所 === 104 === The study discusses the different bystanders’ reactions (supporters, disengaged onlookers and defenders) to observing school bullying incidents. The influences of personal and situational factors on bystanders’ actual and perceivable behavioral reactions were examined. School Life Questionnaire, which was composed of empathy scale, social desirability scale, school bully bystander survey, self-efficacy scale, and demographic items, were developed to measure the bystanders’ reactions, personal, and situational factors. The results indicated that:
1. The effects of personal and situational factors on bystanders’ reactions
a. Four factors could significantly affect the bystanders’ actual behavioral reactions, which including the severe level of bullying events, the relationship between bystander and the bully, the relationship between bystander and the victim and the verbal bullying.
b. Two factors could significantly affect the bystanders’ perceivable behavioral reactions: 1) the relationship between bystander and victim; 2) interpersonal relationship of victim.
2. The decision process of bystanders’ perceivable reactions
a. To help victim or not
Three factors could predict bystanders to be disengaged onlookers or defenders, which were bystanders’ grade, empathy, and the severity of bully events.
b. To help the victim directly or indirectly
Two factors were revealed that could influence bystanders’ choice to help victim directly or indirectly, which are empathy, and the relationship between bystander and the victim.
3. The discrepancy between bystanders’ actual and perceivable behavioral reactions
The current study concluded that two factors would cause the discrepancy between bystanders’ actual and perceivable behavioral reactions, which were the relationship between bystander and the bully, and the relationship between bystander and the victim.
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