| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立清華大學 === 科技法律研究所 === 104 === Statistical Review of World Energy 2015 released on Feb. 2015, in which shows the form of global energy consumption analysis. Traditional fossil fuels are still among the top three global energy consumption, including oil, coal, natural gas, respectively accounted for 32%, 30%, 24%, which accounting for 86% of total global energy consumption. Followed by hydropower (7%), nuclear power accounted for 4% of renewable energy generation accounted for 2%. This shows that as of early 2015, renewable energy generation in the development process still face many difficulties.
During the past years, we are under the threat of serious global warming. Most countries in the world promote renewable energy to face severe climate change. For example, the European Commission promotes the plan “2030 Energy Strategy,” which contains its targets on renewables, energy efficiency, and reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) from 2020 to 2030. In this plan, the Commission views renewable energy generation as an important role in the future. It views not only the development of solar photovoltaic and wind power energy but especially highly promotes “biomass energy” as an essential part.
In addition, according to Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) estimates that global capital installed capacity of biomass energy generation in 2015 reaches 96.3GW, and it will reach 150.3GW in 2020, which shows the development of biomass power generation potential. Besides, according to the Renewable Energy Policy Network (REN21) released 2016 World Renewable Energy report made analysis report on biomass energy generation capacity ranked the top five countries are: (1) the United States; (2) China; (3) Germany; (4) Brazil; (5) Japan, the report shows that not only the United States and Europe pay attention to biomass power generation but also Asian countries attach great weight to its development.
In Taiwan, renewable energy generation and climate changes policy has been deeply influenced by European Union, especially by Germany. Referring the German Renewable Energy Act EEG by 2009, Taiwan government just set up the “Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Act” last year, and is highly appreciated by the European Union and associated Countries. Since 2009, the development of renewables in Taiwan has mainly focused on photovoltaic and wind power energy. However, European Countries put more emphasis on “biomass power generation” so far but Taiwan didn’t put any effort on it!
The biomass power generation has a well characteristic. It can provide a role of "base-load power generation" in the future with respect of all the renewables (especially wind power and photovoltaic). In other words, biomass power generation is relatively stable and secure. Today, Taiwan is faced with the same circumstance in order to pursue “nuclear-free homeland.” Without using the nuclear, the promotion of biomass power generation is definitely important for Taiwan.
In order to provide valuable recommendations for Taiwan when developing the biomass power generation, I would like to dedicate first in the overall promotion from law and policy of the top five Countries which develop well in the biomass (including US, Japan, and China). Second, I would also pick up these countries as a comparison. I hope that this would give a significant legal advice for Taiwan in the future.
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