| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中山大學 === 資訊工程學系研究所 === 104 === A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes which are deployed over an area to perform local computations based on information gathered from the surroundings. Each node in the network is equipped with a battery, but it is almost very difficult to change or recharge batteries; therefore, maximizing the lifetime of the network through minimizing the energy is an important challenge in WSN. Sensor nodes cannot be easily replaced or recharged due to their ad-hoc deployment in hazardous environment. Considering that energy economizing acts as one of the hottest topics in wireless sensor networks, it is surveyed the main techniques used for energy economizing wireless sensor networks (WSNs) topologies in the dissertation.
There are two schemes proposed for energy economizing in the WSNs, one is the scheme for the regular grid WSN environment, another is the scheme for the complex WSN surrounding. The traditional WSNs fixed the sink node in a certain place has a serious hotspot problem. The sensor nodes closer to the sink node usually required forwarding a large amount of traffic for sensors farther from the sink node. Hotspot problem causes the nodes near the hotspot sensor node consuming much more energy than the other nodes, which seriously shortens the lifetime of the sensor networks. In the dissertation, in order to resolve the hotspot problem in the WSNs, it is proposed a dual mobile sink nodes protocol (DMSP) which combines the balance traffic strategy in the WSNs to extend the lifetime of the sensor networks. Another, for the complex environment that the sensor nodes could not be deployment regularly, the Ring-based Hierarchical Clustering (RHC) WSNs architecture is proposed. There are four major advantages in the proposed RHC scheme, including reducing computation time, fault tolerance, load balancing, and secure data transmission. The simulation results show that both of the DMSP and RHC present the excellent performance to extend the lifetime of WSNs.
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