| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 植物醫學系所 === 104 === Defense responses triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognition on plasma membrane is called PAMPs-triggered immunity (PTI). It has been demonstrated that PTI can be intensified by plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) to improve plant disease resistance against bacterial pathogens. The improvement of this disease resistance requires the casein kinase II phosphorylation (CK2P) site of PFLP. However, whether the phosphorylation of CK2P site was required for intensifying disease resistance is still unknown. In this study, un-phosphorylated and mimic phosphorylated recombinant proteins were generated from PFLP. Result revealed that these proteins could not intensify PAMPs-triggered hypersensitive reaction (HR) and disease resistance against bacterial soft rot. It suggested that the actual phosphorylation of PFLP in plant may be necessary to enhance disease resistance. To understand whether PFLP phosphorylated is related to the extracellular casein kinase II (CK2) in Arabidopsis thaliana, the cka2 mutant and its recovery mutant CKA2R was used for further analysis. Results demonstrated that the PFLP-intensified PTI responses and disease resistance were abolished in cka2 mutant and restored in CKA2R mutant. To gain more insight on CK2 is required for PFLP-intensified PTI signaling, expression of marker genes in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was assayed. Results exhibited that the CK2 was required for PFLP to enhance expression on flg22Pst-induced FRK1 and WRKY22/29 in MAPK pathway. Moreover, we provided evidences that PFLP was interacted with CK2 at C-terminal by yeast two-hybrid assay. Therefore, we concluded that extracellular casein kinase II was required for PFLP to activate MAPK pathway in PTI for further enhancing disease resistance against bacterial soft rot in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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