| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立東華大學 === 自然資源與環境學系 === 104 === Phyllanthus, is the largest genus in Phyllanthaceae, used to be a subfamily, Phyllantoideae, of Euphorbiaceae. This genus contains more than 750 species worldwide. In Sumatra, Indonesia, 13 species of Phyllanthus are recognized by Airy Shaw in 1981 (Airy Shaw. 1981. Kew Bulletin 36: 239--374). Due to morphological plasticity and genus complexity, identification of Phyllanthus species in Sumatra is difficult and needs further study. Specimens in this study were collected from 1878 to 1997 in Sumatra, Indonesia, and are archived in the National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Leiden University Branch. Stereo microscopy was used for investigation of general morphology. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for examination of pollen morphology. Five subgenera, 9 sections, and 13 Phyllanthus species and one subspecies are classified based on general morphology of 80 Sumatra specimens. Seven pollen types are recognized based on pollen morphology from 12 examined species. In addition, three species and one subspecies are new records compared to Airy Shaw’s research of 1981. Therefore Sumatra has at least 16 Phyllanthus species and one subspecies. Updated names for specimens of Phyllanthus in Sumatra are provided.
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