| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立東華大學 === 海洋生物研究所 === 104 === Species of the anglerfish family Chaunacidae is reviewed with a total 2 genera and 36 species are recognized, including Chaunacops (4 species) and Chaunax (25 nominal species and 7 undescribed species). This study is subdivided into four parts: Osteology, Taxonomy, Molecular phylogeny and biogeography. In the osteology study, 18 diagnostic characters can be used to separate two genera and three Chaunax species groups are discussed. Chaunax pictus group has some diagnostic characters, whereas C. abei group and C. fimbriatus group are identical. In the taxonomy study, diagnostic characters and historical records of each species and keys to genera, species groups and species are provided. In molecular phylogeny study, two genera are confirmed to be sister group and all nominal species and 7 undescribed species in Chaunax form monophyletic groups. Biogeography and bathymetric distribution of the family, genera and species are discussed.
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