| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 園藝學系研究所 === 104 === This study was aimed to find out the effect of applying super absorbent polymer (SAP) to reduce the damage of water deficit stress on herbaceous plant cultivation. three types of SAP (Tairysorb®, Alcosorb®, and Shui-bao) were applied and used as treatment groups. In order to investigate the effect of the SAP in different treatments , different application methods of SAP with different particle size, dry/wet particle , irrigation rate, fertilizer concentration and two soilless medium on the growth characteristics of herbaceous plants.
Begonia (Begonia ×semperflorens ‘Super Olympia Rose’) and Petunia (Petunia ×hybrida ‘Dreams Midnight’) plug seedling were transplanted in black plastic pot with peatmoss and mixed medium as the control group, and SAP with three levels of three different SAP (Tairysorb® Taisap AG 301, Alcosorb®, and Shui-bao) with dry / wet 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g•L-1 as treatment groups, respectively, the supplenment of water were done on 15 days after transplanting. The results had showed that the plant height, plant width, and leaf number of Begonia that were significantly improved by adding 4.5 g•L-1 Shui-bao SAP at 28 days of transplanting in water deficit condition. On the other hand, the SPAD value and dry weight of Begonia were also significantly improved by adding Alcosorb® SAP 4.5 g•L-1. Begonia and Petunia were best on growth characteristics in the peatmoss medium without watering during two weeks, and a few treatments of applying dry/wet SAP had different responses with the same material, peatmoss as growing medium, and two kinds of herbaceous plant grown for 90 days by interval irrigating with 15 days. All growth characteristics of Begonia were significantly improved by adding Alcosorb® 4.5 g•L-1 . Plant height and root dry weight, plant width, leaf number and SPAD value and shoot dry weight of Petunia were also significantly improved by adding Alcosorb® SAP 4.5 g•L-1. The best response in water deficit stress condition of three SAP is Alcosorb®, Shui-bao was the next and Tairysorb was the worst ®. Water deficit reduce plant growth, performance and all the items. But increasing the amount of SAP or replacing with planting media also maintain optimum aesthetic after 60 days of transplanting.
Vinca (Catharanthus roseus ‘Cora Apricot’) plug seedling were transplanted in black plastic pot with peatmoss and Tairysorb®(Taisap AG 301-303) SAP 5 g•L-1 by irrigating interval with 3, 6, and 9 days. The results had showed that Vinca was a wet-sensitive herbaceous plant. In all the treatments, the best growth characteristics were shown in the treatments by irrigating interval with 6 days. Tairysorb ® SAP had the smallest particle size and had significantly responses on plant width, leaf number, and shoot dry weight of Vinca. and plant dry weight were significantly higher in irrigating intervals with the 9 days than the 3 days of control group, they extend irrigating efficiently for 6 day more than other treatments; But the worst treatment was irrigating interval with 9 days of control group.
Vinca withered in treatments by irrigating intervals with the 9 day, and no significant difference in SAP particle size. The plant can maintain to grow in irrigating intervals with the 9 day, and increase the 6 days more to Vinca cultured on Peatmos mixed with Alcosorb® SAP 5 and 10 5 g•L-1 and fertilized with 1000X, 2000X, and 3000X solution of Hyponex No.2 (N20-P20-K20) every six days for 30 days. The results had showed that treatments with Alcosorb® SAP 5 g•L-1 and fertilized with Hyponex No.2 1000X solution had improved significantly on plant height and SPAD value; treatment with Alcosorb® SAP 10 g•L-1 and fertilized with Hyponex No.2 1000X solution had also improved significantly on plant width, number of leaves, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight. SAP Application can improve many parameters of growth characteristics on Vinca. The results indicated that SAP not only can conserve the efficiency of the fertility in the soil , but also can reduce requirements of fertilizer for bedding herbaceous plants.
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