以改良之方法萃取葉綠素及辣椒紅色素並探討色素之安定性

• Main Authors: Shao Syuan Jhao, 趙紹宣
• Other Authors: Yih Ming Weng
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54524849957725996775

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 食品科學系研究所 === 104 === Chlorophylls are green photosynthetic pigments. They are found in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Since chlorophylls are widely distributed in various plants, they are the most abundant natural pigments. While possessing biological functions, plant pigments can also be used coloring agents in foods. Although, spinach juice has being added into foods and expressing green color quickly, the disadvantages of direct use of spinach juice include dim coloration and strong spinach odor that limit the use in foods requiring bright color and plain flavor. Ripened fruits of red pepper are used widely not only as vegetables, but also important raw material of food industry, pharmaceutical industry because of the existence of red colorant and capsaicinoids. Usually, red pigments of red pepper, after the removal of spicy ingredients, can be used for a food coloring. Traditionally, chlorophyll is separated by organic solvents such as dioxane and dimethylformamide both being toxic and hard to remove. In the study, the extraction of chlorophyll was limited by the use of hexane and methanol. The extraction fluid was further loaded into separation column with five different packing materials (coded as A, B, C, D and E) to investigate the separation efficacy. As for the pigments in red pepper, the extraction was conducted only by methanol. The methanolic extraction fluid was also loaded into the column packed with the same different materials. The mixture of hexane and methanol (4:3, v/v) was successfully used to extract chlorophylls from spinach. After addition of water, the coloring ingredients moved into hexane layer which was then loaded into the separation columns. It was found that packing material B exerted the best separation. Red pepper was treated with 50% methanol to remove capsaicinoids. Then, the red pigments of red pepper were extracted with methanol. The separation results showed that packing material E exerted the best separating efficiency.