| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 國際政治研究所 === 104 === With the global warming , the attention to the Arctic region is gradually increasing, however, in addition to the attention of the environment, the interest of transportation is also one of the concerns. As the ice melts, the likelihood of using the Arctic Route all year round increases dramatically. With the qualitative research method and quantitative research method, we research the situation from political and economic aspects, first of all, from the political aspect, we observed the governance situations in Arctic region and the how Arctic countries think about Arctic region. From the economic aspect, we observe the variable how enterprises choose the channel to trade in ocean transportation, and in terms of quantitative research, we use Gravity model of Trade to observe the relationship between the shorting distances of routes and global trade after ice melt. The results of the study showed that the Arctic region has two major difficulties in the political aspect, especially the governance of Arctic region. The interest of ocean transportation will appear when the Arctic Route (except for the Polar Passage) is open all year round.
The quantitative results show that when the distances shorten for 1%, the trade interest through the Arctic Route will increase by 0.672%, the biggest impact on trade is between Europe and Asia, for countries, the trade interest for China, Russia, France and Holland will be the most, especially for China.
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