The Junior High School Students’ Cognition and Comprehension of the History Events-- Taking The Revolution of the final years of the Ching Dynasty in Junior High School Textbooks for Example

• Main Authors: Yu-Chun Hung, 洪毓駿
• Other Authors: 吳政憲
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42896919681159662889

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 歷史學系所 === 104 === After the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) Government relocated to Taiwan in 1949, the territories under the substantive jurisdiction of the Republic of China have only remained Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu. Under the circumstances of China-Taiwan confrontation, the government paid serious attention to history education that is able to cultivate “national spirit” and “patriotism”. From many studies and publications, we can find that history education do have the of purpose and function. 　　With the change of Taiwan’s politics and society, the teaching objectives, hours and textbook contents of history education have been amended as the transform of space and time. The teaching objectives were basically the same before the lifting of martial law, and only in 1994 did the amendment of curriculum standard change largely. The Grade 1-9 Curriculum which implemented in 2001 further transformed curriculum standard to curriculum framework, and the teaching hours and objectives had significant changes. These have also brought about a big challenge for textbook design, and have also affected students’ understanding and cognition on historical events. 　　The study analyzed the contents related to the late-Qing Revolutionary Movement, from the National Institute for Compilation and Translation edition (NICT-edition) of 1955 academic year to the Nan-I edition of 2015 academic year, finding out the evidences of textbooks shaping the image of Sun Yat-sen to steady the promotion of national spirit education for KMT. The study conducted a questionnaire survey, which aimed at eighth graders, to analyze whether students can present the concept of causality of an event correctly after they read the textbook and taught by the teacher. The author has also attached the NICT-edition contents of 1996 academic year, hoping to verify the author’s analysis of textbooks shaping the image of Sun Yat-sen from the students’ answers. 　　The study found that due to the reduction of the teaching hours of history courses and the simplification of textbook contents, students nowadays are generally lack of basic knowledge, and cannot truly grasp the concept of causality of historical events. However, the students’ thoughts and historical explanations are more diverse. Students focus more on the background and causality of the events because the textbooks do not regard Sun Yat-sen as a major role in the Revolutionary Movement.