Chiang Kai-Shek and Korean War

• Main Authors: Yu-Wei Chen, 陳昱瑋
• Other Authors: Chun-shan Li
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16870133318858523187

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 歷史學系所 === 104 === In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan and hoped to recover his glory period. In the next year, he ruled Taiwan as President of the Republic of China and continued to declare his intention to retake mainland China. Under pressure from the force of People''s Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek evacuated his army from Hainan Island and Zhoushan Archipelago in order to concentrate on protecting Taiwan. On the other hand, Harry S. Truman, President of the United States (1945–53), declared to give up the Republic of China. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek mediated actively to restore the support from the United States to the Republic of China. On June 25th, 1950, the Korean War began. Three days later, Harry S. Truman stated Theory of the Undetermined Sovereignty of Taiwan, which made Chiang Kai-shek had a brief to respite. At the same time, Syngman Rhee, president of the Republic of Korea, requested reinforcement, and United Nations also asked its member states to relief forces toward Korea. During the Korean War, Chiang Kai-shek had three meetings about the reinforcement to Korea. During the first meeting, Chiang Kai-shek was eager to seize the opportunity. He planned to support Korea actively in order to resume cooperation with the United States. However, Chiang Kai-shek was refused because the United States scrupled the military intervention from Chiang Kai-shek would made the situation more complicated. The second meeting was hold after the coalition faced the counterattack. Douglas MacArthur needed the reinforcement urgently, and Chiang''s army became the best choice. At first Chiang Kai-shek stood that they should take the opportunity to retake mainland China while giving the reinforcement. However, the United States tempted to end the Korean War through mediation. The third meeting was requested by the United States. The mediation was postponed because of cease-fire, so the United States intended to break the deadlock by Chiang''s military forces. The United States proposed the plan of attacking Hainan Island to contain the army of People''s Republic of China. However, Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Zhongzheng) refused the United States because he was actively preparing for retaking mainland China. Chiang Kai-shek''s attitude and response of giving reinforcement was changing with the situation in Korean War. Based on the three meetings of the reinforcement of Korean War, the thesis discusses Chiang Kai-shek''s reaction during the Korean War.