Effects of different basal fertilizers on soil properties and tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) growth in paddy-converted tea garden

• Main Authors: Chia-Yu Chang, 張佳祐
• Other Authors: Chien-Teh Chen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75654280810882613603

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 農藝學系所 === 104 === The cultivation of the mountain area in Taiwan has worsened the condition of water and soil, resulting in the government restricting high-altitude tea growing and proposing turning paddy field into tea garden to cope with the demand of the market. The research aims to find out proper treatments in a field that is transformed from rice growing to tea growing through the analysis of soil and agronomic traits. In the National Chung Hsing University Agricultural Experiment Station in Beiguo, Wufeng District of Taichung City, the cultivar TTES No. 12 is grown organically with three basal fertilizers—tea dust compost, bark compost, and cow manure compost—and the intercropping of Sweet potatoes. The purpose is to find out the effects of different basal fertilizers on the soil of paddy-converted tea garden and the growth of tea seedlings. Soil pH, EC, CEC, organic matter, bulk density, and porosity were analyzed. The result of the soil analysis showed: soybean meal made the pH value decreased and the EC value increased; bark compost made a higher pH value while soil treated with cow manure compost and the control treatment had a lower pH value; and tea dust compost and bark compost made higher EC values. After 18 months of transformation, the organic matter in these types of soil with different treatments mostly remained at 20 g/kg. Concerning the porosity, soil with tea dust compost was significantly higher than that with bark compost in the upper layer; and soil with cow manure compost was the highest in the medium layer. The investigation of the growth of tea seedlings showed: in the soil with tea dust compost, both the mortality and the relative growth were relatively high; for those intercropped with sweet potatoes, the relative growth of tea seedlings didn’t have a significant difference; and in the soil with tea dust compost, the average new shoot number was significantly higher than the other treatments. The investigation of the dry weight of tea seedlings showed: the whole plant and root dry weights of de-top seedlings decreased in the order of those treated with tea dust compost, with bark compost, with cow manure compost, and the control group; the whole plant and shoot dry weights of alive seedlings without de-topping increased in the order of those treated with tea dust compost, with bark compost, with cow manure compost, and the de-topping treatment; and the whole plant and shoot dry weights of dead seedlings without topping showed the opposite.