| Summary: | 碩士 === 銘傳大學 === 都市規劃與防災學系碩士班 === 104 === Since Tatun Volcano Group is located in Greater Taipei, once it erupts, the effects caused by the volcanic disaster will not be reduced effectively if there are no relevant countermeasures. Now Taiwan is continuously monitoring Tatun Volcano Group, but it doesn’t have a specific early warning system and a coping mode. In addition, Disaster Prevention and Protection Act doesn’t appoint a competent authority for the volcanic disaster, resulting in the fact that there’re no governing bodies responsible for related work of the volcanic disaster and there are no clear goals and countermeasures for volcanic disaster management. However, the disaster prevention system appoints competent authorities based on the disaster types, that is, the so called “disaster-causes-oriented”, so the disaster response cannot be unified and the command system is disorderly.
Japan has 110 active volcanoes and rules places around volcanoes must plan how to cope with the volcanic disaster in the regional disaster plan according to Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act. Besides, for volcanic disaster prevention strategies, it has made Special Measures for Active Volcanoes to assist in the implementation and normalized the places around the volcanoes to safeguard the safety of all the people there.
At present, Taiwan’s disaster prevention and response system appoints competent authorities based on disaster types and the coping mode is disaster-causes-oriented, so agencies cannot be integrated effectively. Through the frequency and scope of influence of the disaster of Tatun Volcano Group cannot be defined, it’s necessary to start discussing how to make volcanic disaster prevention strategies to improve the pre-warning system and mechanism for volcanic disaster in Taiwan; moreover, the existing system results in ambiguity of power and duties, so related units cannot have a clear division of labor because the volcanic disaster is under disaster management and the volcanic disaster prevention strategies cannot be executed. Therefore, this paper makes related suggestions for volcanic disaster prevention strategies in Taiwan by discussing the volcanic disaster prevention system in Japan.
Now competent authorities are appointed for a certain disaster, make disaster prevention and relief plans for it and co-ordinate related work with other sections in Taiwan. However, sections in Japan make disaster prevention and relief plans for disasters “of all types” related to them; if cooperation is needed between sections, the Cabinet Office shall help to integrate.
This paper makes 2 kinds of suggestions for “all types of disasters”; as for the first suggestion, the Executive Yuan’s Office of Disaster Management puts forward working items for volcanic disaster prevention countermeasures and assigns management to related sections and units and the Executive Yuan’s Office of Disaster Management shall coordinate and integrate to improve the situation (every disaster is assigned to a section in Taiwan, so the specialization of work and integration cannot be realized). The section suggestion is about response management for all types of disasters; the local government is the responsible unit in front line in the response period; via the response mechanism for all types of disasters in front line, a solution can be provided to the disorder caused by unclear powers and responsibilities in the response period; by means of the response management for all types of disasters, related projects can be conducted effectively in the disaster response period.
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