| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 公共衛生學系公共衛生學碩士班 === 104 === Background: Dust mite allergen has been known that it may cause sensitization and allergic diseases. World Allergy Organization (WAO) estimated there were about 40 percent of whole population suffered from allergic diseases around the world. Studies in Taiwan also indicated that more and more children suffered from allergic diseases in 2005. However, most studies have said that children exposed to dust mite allergen in their infancy may increase the risk of allergy. Thus, this study sampled in house areas which pregnant women and six months old babies lived and then evaluated the concentrations of Dust mite allergens and other effective factors in Kaohsiung city.
Materials and methods: This study recruited 34 pregnant women from the OBGYN department of a medical center in Kaohsiung, and then investigated the concentrations of house dust mite allergen inside the dust and air in their houses while they were at 28-40 weeks of pregnancy or their babies were at six months after childbirth. Dust samplings were conducted at living rooms, kitchens, bedrooms and the mattresses and the pillows on which mothers and babies slept. Air samplings were conducted at living rooms, bedrooms and balconies. The concentrations of Dust mite allergens (Der p1 and Der f1) were investigated by using microplate ELISA reader.
Results: In dust samplings, Der f1 had higher positive rate than Der p1. However, the concentrations of Der f1 were lower than the concentrations of Der p1. In air samplings, whether positive rate or concentrations were Der p1 higher than Der f1. Comparing Dust mite allergens with other environmental factors showed that there were significant differences between sweeping frequency in bedroom and the concentrations of Der f1 (p < 0.05). There were significant differences between the concentrations of Der f1 at floors of kitchens in different household patterns (p < 0.05). There were significant differences between cleaning frequency of beddings and the concentrations of Der p1 (p < 0.05). The correlation comparing of the concentrations of Der f1 in living rooms respectively showed that there were significant differences to bedrooms (r = 0.85, p < 0.01), balconies (r = 0.66, p < 0.01)and the total air samples (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). Furthermore, there were significant differences between the concentration of Der f1 in the air of balconies and the concentrations of Der f1 in the dust of mattresses. (r = 0.70, p < 0.05).
Conclusions: This study applied the concentration distribution of household environmental Dust mite allergens whether dust samples or air samples. And this results showed that there were different trends between dust samples and air samples. Even though previous studies used dust samples as the Dust mite allergens exposure, this results revealed that the concentrations of dust samples might not represent the true exposure of Dust mite allergens.
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