| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 戰略暨國際事務研究所 === 104 === Nationalism is one of the hardest concepts to define in the political science. Although building a national state is often to be considered as the nationalists’ ultimate goal, most of the countries are composed by multiple nations. And Spain is no exception. What stands out of Spanish nationalism is its plurality since 19 century; meanwhile, the regional identities have been existed almost as long as the Spanish national identity. Compared to Basque region, Catalonia used to have relatively modest approach and only inclined to request more autonomy from the central state. However, that seemed to have a remarkable change since an advisory referendum was hold in 2014.
It takes a long-period of time to build the identity of all nations, and every theory has different method to explain how national identity was constructed. This article reviewed the building processes of national identities of Spain and Catalonia, and used the approach of ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism to see how they enforced the identities of each own and what changed in Catalonia. This article also tried to explore the impacts in Catalonia facing current situation and the possible limits if Catalonia decides to go for independence in the future.
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