| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 化學工程與生物科技系生化與生醫工程碩士班 === 103 === Tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is known located on chromosome ten, which is considered as an important negative regulator for the PIP3 ⁄ Akt signaling to pathway promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. PTEN alteration has been analyzed many cancers, included in bladder cancer that related to disease progression. Thus, this study aimed to determine clinical significance of PTEN in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We have collected sixty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) UTUC samples, and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to exam the PTEN gene copy number or gene structure alterations of UTUC. PTEN mutations were observed in twenty-two tumors with heterozygous PTEN deletion ; one tumors with homozygous PTEN deletion and there tumors with PTEN monosomy. Further, heterozygous PTEN deletion was shown significantly associated with stage of pTa,pT1 and pT2 (P=0.048) and history of smoking (P=0.030). Our findings suggest loss of PTEN is associated with the low-risk group of UTUC but not the high-risk group, the unknown mechanisms between these two subtypes might be existed. Besides, smoking could also as a factor highly emerge from genetic alterations in UTUC. In conclusion, PTEN genomic loss might act a predictive indicator of classification of UTUC, however, the clinical treatment could be different due to the underlying diversity of the molecular activities.
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