| Summary: | 碩士 === 東吳大學 === 中國文學系 === 103 === During the Emperor Shenzong’s(神宗) reign in the Song dynasty, a succession of budget deficits came the reform. The Xining Reform Movement(熙寧變法) was a significant reform in Song dynasty but also frustrated by some events. One of them was the event of Refugee Painting(流民圖) by Zheng Xia(鄭俠). This event gave the emperor-authorized reform a dramatic change; as a result, it is inferred that Zheng Xia and the Xitang Collection(西塘集) are worth research.
Zheng, with given name, Xia, and courtesy name, Jie Fu (介夫), born in Fuqing, Foochow, was a metropolitan graduate at the age of 26 in the 4th year of Zhiping(治平) of the Song Dynasty(1067AD). He was a military councilor in Guangzhou(光州) in his young age. Then, he met the Xining Reform Movement. Seeing that life was intolerable for people and knowing that Wang Anshi(王安石) did not take his suggestions, Zheng drew the Refugee Painting from what he had seen and illegally offered the painting to the Emperor Shenzong. This event frustrated the Xining Reform Movement and removed Wang’s title of the prime minister. Zheng himself, affected by this event lifelong, led an life of exile in Yingzhou(英州) for many years. Afterwards, he was amnestied by the Emperor Zhezong(哲宗) of Song dynasty and recommended by Su Shi(蘇軾) and Sun Jue(孫覺) as lecturer of Quanzhou(泉州), registered in Yingzhou. Under the reign of Emperor Huizong, Zheng was assigned as lecturer of Quanzhou but the position was deprived by Cai Jing(蔡京); when he was assigned to Tanzhou(潭州), the court of Song dynasty, however, recalled the order. It is obvious that Zheng had an unsuccessful official career.
This thesis is describing Zheng Xia’s life and his friendship firstly. Due to the Xining Reform Movement, which is a lifelong affected event for Zheng, Wang Anshi’s reform of financial policy is stated before the discussion of Zheng’s poems and articles.
The next part is the discussion of the proses from the Xitang Collection, in which, suggested the respective responsibility of a king and his ministers, the situation of local administration, and his care of people’s life. The poems in Xitang Collection not only care reality, but also present the different content from the proses, such as choices between loyalty and filial piety, expressing his feelings and eulogy of nature.
From point of historical view, Zheng not only affects the Xining Reform Movement but also affected by the Xining Reform Movement. With the research of Zheng Xia and the Xitang Collection, this thesis displays how politics influences literati and depicts the reality of a literati and the relationship between his life and works.
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