| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 農業化學研究所 === 103 === Oxisol is an important cultivation soil in Taiwan due to its large acreage. Its high clay content and very acidic property are important reasons for unsuitable for crop
cultivation. Biochar is a carbon-rish and porous carbonaceous material obtained by the biomass pyrolysis under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions. Many studies have shown that biochar improved soil physical and chemical properties. The different raw materials and pyrolysis temperatures would result in biochars with different properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different biochars (rice husk
biochar (RH), japanese cedar biochar (JC), palm fernel shell biochar (PKS), 5-8 μm (SC) and 15-30 μm (LC) particle size of coal ash biochars) on chemical properties, microbial activity and community structure of an Oxisol after different incubation time (0, 90, 180
days) under with or without that organic matter application. The results showed that the biochars were poor to change of soil pH values, however, decreased soil EC value. Biochar of LC increased total nitrogen content of soil and all the boichars applied increased soil organic carbon content. Application of biochar of RH, JC and PKS increased phosphorous, potassium and calcium availability of soil. Application of biochar did not affect soil available magnesium, iron and zinc, however, decreased available copper and manganese. Biochar application resulted in decrease different enzyme activities. With application of organic matter, the biochar PKS and SC decreased soil enzyme activities. Application of RH, JC and PKS biochar increased soil respiration rate, in contrast, biochar SC and LC decreased it. After incubation for 180 days, all biochars
decreased soil respiration rate. DGGE and PLFA analyses showed the biochars addition significantly affected microbial community structure after application.
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