| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 人類發展與家庭學系 === 103 === Childhood is a crucial period to establish good eating habits and healthy growth and development in the future. However, children with different birth weights critically impact growth and future development of chronic diseases. This study explores how different diet nutrition condition impacts and how it is beneficial to the growth and development of children with different birth weights.
The study was a prospective cohort study, combining subjects from two cohorts. The first cohort of 151 infants recruited in 2002, and the second cohort of 150 infants recuited in 2004, both from the Taipei Municipal Women’s and Children’s Hospital and National Taiwan University Hospital. These participants were divided into three groups according to the 25th and 75th percentile cut points: relative low birth weight infants group (rLBW,) relative adequate birth weight infants group (rABW,) and relative high birth weight infants group (rHBW.) Then same questionnaires were given through telephone interviews to gather 24 hours dietary recall (weekdays and holidays one day each,) anthropometric development (height, weight, BMI,) health status, etc. The software packages of SPSS 19.0 and STATA 8.0 were employed for the statistical analyses. Two cohorts were kept track from the child's birth to the age of eight, the last remaining total of 104 children (rHBW, n = 38; rABW, n = 28; rLBW, n = 38,) and the relationship of growth development and dietary intakes of the children from the three groups of body weight were discussed and analyzed.
Keeping track until the age of eight, the result shows that children of different birth weights, are significantly different (P <0.01) in height, weight and BMI and the anthropometric measurements of the rHBW group still maintains higher means for weight, height and BMI, while the means of the rLBW group remains lowest among the three groups. The rLBW group also shows the catch-up growth from brith to two years of age; however, continuing the track of collecting data until eight years old, no signs of increased chance of obesity were found. The different birth weights influenced the growth development of children from birth to seven-years-old, but starting from eight-years-old, the influence began to weaken gradually.
For the dietary intakes, calorie intake increased annually, the percentages of energy from carbohydrate intake and fat intake show the opposite trend; protein intake is 13% to 14% higher. In addition, dairy intake decreases with age, and the intake of fruits and vegetables is still insufficient.
On the other hand, the nutrient intakes such as mean of early adiposity rebound group is generally higher than the later adiposity rebound group, and for children of one to two years old, the diet determines whether adiposity rebound occurs earlier or later. It is worth noting that high protein intake at the age of two leads to a rebound phenomenon earlier.
From this study, it could be concluded that birth weight affects a series of children’s growth and development from early childhood, preschool, up to the beginning of school age. In addition, during this period the diet and nutrition status affects children's growth and development of body sizes, so a balanced diet in childhood is essential.
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