| Summary: | 博士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 熱帶農業暨國際合作系 === 103 === ABSTRACT
Student ID: P10122024
Title of dissertation: Study on organic seedling production and effects of organic fertilizer on soil properties and growth of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)
Total page: 185 pages
Name of Institute: Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
Graduate date: January 8th, 2015 Degree Conferred: Doctoral Degree
Name of student: Vo Hong Manh Advisor: Chong-Ho Wang, Ph.D.
The content of abstract in this dissertation:
The study was carried out for two consecutive years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. The present study objectives (1) to evaluate the effects to difference material sources in substrate on nutrient uptake and growth of muskmelon seedling under greenhouse; (2) to investigate the responds of muskmelon seedling to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation in substrate under greenhouse condition; (3) to evaluate the effects of organic sources on nutrient uptake, growth and yield of muskmelon and (4) to know the impacts of various sources of organics on properties of the acid soil in pots under net house condition. These contents of study include two parts. First part, we evaluated the influences of mixture of vermicompost with burnt rice hulls and/or coconut husk on physical and chemical properties of substrates and
their effects nutrient uptake and growth of muskmelon seedling, contemporaneous investigating two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mossea (Gm), Glomus etunicatum (Ge)) inoculation in substrates on nutrient uptake and muskmelon seedling performance. Second part, we investigated the effects of the application rates of cattle and poultry manure compost and their combination with chemical fertilizer compound on the soil chemical properties, and nutrient uptake, growth of muskmelon plant under net house condition in two consecutive seasons (autumn –winter 2013 and spring 2014). These results indicated that (i) the mixture of vermicompost with burnt rice hull and coconut husk resulted increasing in the pH, EC, total and aeration porosity, bulk density and inorganic N, available P, Ca, Mg content (extracted by pure water) in substrates, in which it caused reducing in water holding capacity, mass wetness and content of K, Mn, Zn, and Cu. Vermicompost amendment did not affect the Cu and Zn concentration in the shoot but significantly influenced N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentration in the shoot. The addition of vermicompost to substrates up to 30-35 % increased seedling dry weight and leaf area in both experiment. And mixture of vermicompost with 30 % ratio in burn rice hull (35 %) and coconut husk (35%) gave the best condition of physicochemical characteristic of substrate resulted in improving muskmelon seedling performance. (ii) Inoculation of both AMF species in substrates significantly increased concentrations of total N, K, Ca, Mg and Mn in the shoot but did not enhance uptake of P and other elements. The AMF inoculated muskmelon seedling was higher shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area compared to control. (iii) In the first season, application of cattle and poultry manure compost raised pH, EC, organic matter content, inorganic-N, Bray-P, exchangeable K, Ca and Mg content in the soil. In equivalent application rates, poultry manure compost was more efficient for muskmelon growth compared to cattle manure compost because poultry manure compost improve pH, EC, organic matter content and some nutrient elements (Ca, Mg) better than those CMC. There were large excess amounts of P, K, Ca, and Mg in soil after harvesting, may be explained based on Liebig's Law of the minimum. In this situation, inorganic-N is a yield-limiting factor. Although the composts application significantly increased the available P, K, Ca, and Mg in soil, a lack of inorganic-N resulted plants could not uptake other elements. (iv) In the second season, there was a large residual effect of cattle and poultry manure compost application rates on soil properties and muskmelon plant growth. The increasing in the pH, EC, Inorganic-N, bray-P, exchangeable cations and organic matter contents in the soil clearly expressed, compared to control and in the first season application. The greatest difference of second season was the applications of single compost significantly raise muskmelon growth compared to muskmelon receiving an equal amount of N through treatments combination with chemical fertilizer in the second season application. The application of single compost resulted higher soil inorganic-N, Bray-I-P and exchangeable K, Ca, Mg content as well as concentration of total P, K, Ca, Mg in the leaf compared control and first season; and all increased N utilization efficiency by muskmelon, suggesting that yield-limiting factors other than N deficiencies were of lesser importance than in the treatments receiving chemical fertilizer. Nutrients other than N applied via the both composts, particularly P, Mg and/or soil pH, may have contributed to the higher growth of muskmelon plant in treatments receiving single compost. Cattle and poultry manure composts amendments can be viewed as important step for sustainable land management with increased productivity.
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