| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄師範大學 === 台灣歷史文化及語言研究所 === 103 === Hamasen refers to the coastline of the Southern Gushan District, it does not constitute an independent administrative area, but remains as a cultural district in the memories of Kaohsiung citizens. Actually, Hamasen was created as a new city block by land reclamation during the Japanese ruling period, and had convenient transportation by located intersection on the harbor and railway. Its accessibility had promoted the development of the related businesses, employment opportunities and immigration growth. The new immigrants came from Taiwan and Japan , all together established the city's prosperity. Since the society of Hamasen was co-constituted by the immigrants of Taiwanese and Japanese, it can be regarded as the epitome of the immigrant society in the Japanese ruling period.
This study aims to discuss the social constitution of Hamasen in the Japanese ruling period from dimensions as follows: the population structure, the relationship between industries and immigrants, the use of social relations and the accommodations to the immigrant life. Taking the household registration data of the Japanese ruling period and the related publications as the main research data, we conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses to thoroughly outline the Hamasen society. Ultimately, we wish to bring out more research topics regarding the history of Kaohsiung City.
The study finding shows that the Japanese immigrants, as the permanent residents, were in a dominant position in the Hamasen society co-constituted by immigrants from both Taiwan and Japan during the Japanese ruling period. However, the Taiwanese population grew more rapidly in the mid-late period of Japanese rule, which shortened the population gap between the Taiwanese and the Japanese immigrants. The migration rate of the Taiwanese also appears to be higher. The analysis of original domicile presents that most of the Japanese residents immigrated from Kyushu, followed by Okinawa and Chugoku Region . On the other side, most of the Taiwanese residents immigrated from Tainan. The immigration resulted from the industrial development of Hamasen.
As a modernized city, the main industries in Hamasen varied at different phases of development, in which the transportation industry and fishery show the most significance. Towns and lots in Hamasen present different industrial characteristics, which proves that Hamasen was a modernized city with multiple functions in the mid-late period of Japanese rule. Moreover, despite the relative advantages and disadvantages, the industrial specialization between the Taiwanese and the Japanese immigrants shows no polarization. It proves that nationalities and industries can not be served as the factors of class distribution. This finding complements to the common academic belief that the Japanese, as the ruling class, held an advantageous position in the social classes and industries.
Hamasen was a society of immigration. Therefore, the first problem the immigrants must face was to accommodate to their new life. Our finding shows that in order to accommodate to the life in a foreign city, either the Taiwanese or the Japanese tended to inhabit in the same region, marry to their fellow townsman, and invite their family or friends to Hamasen by using their geographical and family relations. Furthermore, they established the social relation network in the city of resettlement through workplace relationships and participation of social events to further fit in and accommodate to their new life.
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