| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 應用歷史學系研究所 === 103 ===
Abstract
Qiang, in the western and eastern Han dynasty, meant some inhabitants living in
Hehuang area, and it had no direct relationship with Qiang in ancient times. In order to solve
the problems of Xiongnu, Emperor Wu-ti made Hexi area gradually becoming his territory
where were many poor and criminals, in the Han empire, migrating to. Because the location of
Hexi area was between Xiongnu and Qiang, the situation was very critical. If there was any
mistake in Hexi area, Xiongnu and Qiang would annihilate this place. The main strategy of the
Han empire made Xiongnu the imaginary enemy, but it was friendly to Qiang. In fact, the
western Han had no more power going into the Qiang area. So Qiang and the western Han were
relatively peaceful. However, in the eastern Han dynasty, due to the migration bringing a lot of
problems about proliferation of population, Hans invaded the Qiangs' living region, that caused
Qiangs vary hard to live. Therefore, Qiangs' riots in early time almost went around the border
settlement.
After the period of emperor An–ti and Shun–ti in the eastern Han dynasty, the country
became corrupt by conflicting between eunuchs and emperor’s relatives. Because of natural
disasters and venal officials, there were many people against the Han empire everywhere. The
local officials caught not handle these massive civil commotions alone. Consequently emperor
Ling–ti decided to set up a Zhoumu, a government post, ordered whole military forces in one
Zho, an administrative area. Also, there was a Mushou, an official position, controlled local
governments and armies. When the central government lost its power, these Zhoumu were just
like the princes.
Dong Zhuo, from Longxi Lintao, had good background to join the army. When he was at
wars of Qiang, he promoted from a junior soldier to a senior general that took him to have
scorn for the central government. While the prestige of Han empire lowered, and the Han
empire had no power to control local governments. Because of some political conspiracy, Dong
Zhuo commanded his Liang Zhou troops to enter Luo Yang, a capital in the eastern Han dynasty.
Also, he controlled the emperor and officials in one fell swoop. Due to his reign of terror, that
accelerated the eastern Han quickly devastating. Furthermore, the Mushou who ordered the
local armies didn’t scruple to have violent fights. Whether the Mushou protected people or
contended for territory, they made the emperor’s power vary weak, and kept the peace of the
Han empire hardly. Moreover one-third of the world was coming soon.
Keywords: late Han Dynasty, warlords, Liangzhou, Qiang
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