| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 森林暨自然資源學系研究所 === 103 === Sapium sebiferum Roxb. (Chinese tallow) is a ligneous plant, suitably habitated in Taiwan. Other than being used in lumber, plantscaping and afforestation, Chinese vegetable tallow and stillingia oil from the plant seed can be applied in industry. Chinese vegetable tallow was used as the raw material for lipstick and stillingia oil was applied in surface coating in previous study. However, there is no systematic study for the property difference of oil from different location in Taiwan, leading to raising the value of the oil from the plant.
The investigation is to harvest the seeds of Sapium sebiferum from Hsinchu, Chiayi and Kaohsiung, following by the analysis of their fraction of seeds, extraction percntage of stillingia oil and Chinese vegetable tallow and their fatty acid compositions. Chinese vegetable tallow was formulated an moisture cream. The result shows that the average weight of the seed is in the range of 139.03-199.17 mg. The average wight of the seeds from Chiayi is the highest, followed by that from Kaohsiung. The seeds form Hsinchu carries the lowest weight. The fraction of the outer skin is in the range of 70.10-72.59%, and the fraction of the kernal is in the range of 27.41-29.90%. The fraction of the seeds from Hsinche is apparently different from those of two others. There is 17.6-22.0% of Chinese vegetable tallow and 12.9-14.2% of stillingia oil in the overall seed.
There are similar fatty acid compositions of Chinese vegetable tallow from the seeds harvested from three different areas. For Chinese vegetable tallow, there is 70.4-72.5%, and the tatol content of linoleic acid and linolenolic acid, oxidatively unstable fatty acids, is less than 2.5%. The calculated drying index of all Chinese vegetable tallow is in the range of 1.1 to 3.7, the iodine value is in the range of 24-33 and their melting point are in the range of 39-45oC. For the stillingia oil, the tatal saturated fatty is in the range of 9.0-12.4% and the oil is mainly composed of polyunsaturated fatty aicds. Lenoleic acid is between 30.9-32.4% and leinlenolic is between 42.9-49.0%. The drying index for all stillingia oil is between 118-129 and the iodine value is in the range of 166-172, which can be recognized as extreme drying oil.
Stillingia oil has already been applied surface coating. In this study, Chinese vegetable tallow was utlized for cosmetic application due to its low drying index. Chinese vegetable tallow, which could be substituted for imported Shea butter, was studied in cosmetic application. The two formulation with Chinese vegetable tallow or Shea butter addition were shown no significant difference. These two foumulated products have been simultaneously carried out all the necessary tests, including centrigue test, thermal stability test, skin irritation test, the altermate temperature change test and the pH test. These results show that Chinese vegetable can has the potential to substitute the imported Shea butter.
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