| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 動物科學系研究所 === 103 === The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of sorghum distillery residues (SDR) and the solid state fermentation of sorghum distillery residues with Coriolus versicolor (FSDR) on growth performance, blood parameters, intestinal development, and immune responses in broiler chickens. This study included three trials. Trial 1: total one hundred sixty 14-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly allocated into four treatments with four replications, each replications were ten chicks (half of male and female), diets supplemented with 0, 3, 6, and 9% SDR. The trial period was 23 days. Trial 2: total two hundred 14-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments with four replications, each replications were ten chicks (half of male and female), including 0, 5, 6, 10, 15, and 20% SDR. The trial period was 23 days. Furthermore, sixty 21-day-old broilers were seleted to evaluate the digestion test. Trial 3: total two hundred 14-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments with four replications, each replications were ten chicks (half of male and female), including 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12% FSDR. The trial period was 23 days. Furthermore, sixty 21-day-old broilers were seleted to evaluate the digestion test. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum with floor feeding in three trials. Trial 1: the results indicated that dietary supplemented with SDR had significantly higher feed intake, body weight gain and final average live body weight than control group in broilers (P < 0.05), but the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of control group was significantly better than the other groups in the whole trial period (P < 0.05). At 37th day, the 6% SDR group had significantly reduced serum GPT level, and increased serum calcium level and liver weight (P < 0.05). The 9% SDR group had the significantly longer length of jejunum, small intestine, and caecum, and increased HA antibody titer at 28th day and HI at 35th day (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences on the development of intestinal mucosa on duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, counts and subgroup ratio of white blood cells (WBC) and PHA skin swelling response among the other treatment groups (P > 0.05). Trial 2: the results showed that 5% and 10% SDR groups had significantly higher body weight gain and final average live weight, but the FCR of 20% SDR group was significantly worst than other groups in the whole trial period (P < 0.05). Dietary supplemented with 15% SDR had significantly reduced the serum level of BUN, triglyceride, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT, LDH and liver weight (P < 0.05), increased the gizzard weight, jejunal length, ileal villus height, villus perimeter, and heterophile subgroup ratio (P < 0.05). All SDR groups had better cecal crypt depth and worse villous development than control group (P < 0.05). The 10% SDR group had increased the HA antibody titer at 28th and 35th day, HI antibody titer at 35th day and the skin swelling response after injection of PHA at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hr in broilers. The availability of protein was significantly worst in 20% SDR group (P < 0.05). Trial 3: the results indicated that dietary supplemention of FSDR had significantly higher feed intake, body weight gain and final average live body weight than control group (P < 0.05), but the control group had significantly better FCR (P < 0.05). All FSDR groups had significantly reduced the serum BUN (P < 0.05), and 12% FSDR group had reduced GOT level, and increased the length of jejunum and small intestine, HA antibody titer at 28th and 35th day, HI antibody titer at 35th day, and WBC counts (P < 0.05). The 9% FSDR group had the higher duodenal villus height, villus perimeter, villus area, villus height/crypt depth ratio, WBC counts, and availability of protein (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences on the WBC subgroup ratio and PHA skin swelling response among the five groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of SDR or FSDR had better growth performances, enhanced the immunity, improved intestinal development, and without adverse effects on blood parameters in broilers, especially dietary supplemented with 9-15% SDR or 9% FSDR, which had the potential to replace part of feed ingredients and improve the availability of SDR by-products.
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