Antifungal Activities of Medicinal Plants Extract for Controlling Crown Rot Pathogens on ‘Pei-Chiao’ Banana (Musa spp., Giant Cavendish, AAA Group)

• Main Authors: Somprathana Wanthaya, 王姍姍
• Other Authors: Ching-Chang Shiesh
• Format: Others
• Language: en_US
• Published: 2015
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26184126697885677872

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 園藝學系所 === 103 === Banana (Musa spp.) is a commercially important fruit crop of world. However, its short shelf life and suffers severe postharvest losses seriously limit the marketing of the fruits. Fungal disease, maning crown rot is a serious problem in banana. Fungicides are the primary means for controlling fungal diseases. However, many consumers prefer chemical free banana for their taste and pesticide free status. Medicinal plants are alternative methods that can control fungal disease, because a range of biological activities had been found in plant extracts including wound healing activity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial. In this study, the effect of different medicinal plants on mycelial growth of three pathogens causing crown rot disease, which include Collectotrichum musae, Fusarium spp., and Lasiodiplodia theobromae was studied in vitro and in vivo conditions. The first experiment, the assay was conducted with extract of In Plantago asiatica L. seed extract (PAS) concentrations that were extracted by blender of 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 50% and 90%. The hyphae of PAS concentration with 90% treatment had been normally grown, but these hyphae could not form mycelium. The second experiment is the effect of different medicinal plants which include cortex phellodendri extract, cinnamon oil, cinnamon extract and clove extract at 10% with autoclave and non-autoclave medium in vitro condition. With or without autoclaved were not effected on the efficiency of medicinal plant extract. All treatments delayed these three fungi, especially cinnamon oil and clove extract. The third experiment is the effect of different concentrations of cinnamon oil and clove extract in vitro condition, on peduncle discs and on banana fruits. 20% concentration of clove extract can inhibit a mycelium growth in vitro condition. In vivo condition, the crown treated with clove extract had less mycelium on the surface. The most efficient inhibition is cinnamon. Between essential oil and extract of Cinnamon'' bark, cinnamon oil is more efficiency than extract and the high oil property means the high inhibition. The last experiment is the effect of synthetic cinnamon oil on mycelial growth of three pathogens causing crown rot and anthracnose diseases in vitro condition and banana fruits. Synthetic cinnamon oil can completely inhibit at 0.025%-0.05% in all pathogens causing crown rot in vitro condition. Concentration at 0.1 is too high for treated on banana fruits because of a phytotoxic on the peel. These suggest that medicinal plants can delay and inhibit the growth of three fungi which are causing crown rot disease on banana fruits. Medicinal plants are an alternative method for controlling crown rot disease which is more safety than a synthetic fungicide, especially cinnamon and clove. However, we should use in appropriate dose because of a tolerance of fruits and an allergy in some people.