| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔英科技大學 === 保健營養系碩士班 === 103 === Background: Dietary patterns are important factors for glycemic management. Sleep disturbances have become very common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and are associated with inappropriate diet and eating habits in adults. However, little is known about the sleep disturbances with glycaemic control and its impact on type 2 diabetic patients.
Objective: To investigate the sleep disturbances, eating behaviors and impacts on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a specialized diabetic outpatient clinic in Southern Taiwan. Dietary patterns (nutrition intakes, eating behavior and frequency) were analyzed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and sleep disturbance was assessed using the Chinese Version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (CAIS). All of the participants underwent several anthropometric, physical measurements and standardized laboratory testing for metabolic risk factors. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to investigate the dietary patterns, sleep disturbances and impact on metabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Results: A total of 259 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled (M : F = 157 : 102, mean age 57.8±11.4 years old, the diabetes duration 10.3±6.9 years). CAIS score (r=0.199，p<0.001) and diet score (r=-0.261，p<0.001) were significance correlated with glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, respectively. After adjusting confounding factor, diet score (ß= -0.016, p=0.033, r2=0.23), CAIS score (ß=0.041, p=0.037, r2=0.23), are significantly related to HbA1c by multiple regression analysis. Compared to type 2 diabetic patients with sleep well and good eating habits, the odds ratios for elevated HbA1c is 0.70 in type 2 diabetic patients with sleep well and bad eating habits and 0.92 in type 2 diabetic patients with poor sleep and bad eating habits.
Conclusion: Sleep and eating patterns may affect the glycemic management in patients with type 2 diabetes. An effective educational program that increases the awareness of care strategies, reduces complications, and improves life quality is warranted.
Keywords: diabetes, eating habits, insomnia
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