| Summary: | 碩士 === 中原大學 === 國際商學碩士學位學程 === 103 === The impact of global climate change has forced enterprises to look beyond the maximization of profits, and take environmental protection into consideration. This paper treats the U.S. S&P 500 as the target, and discusses the efforts made by for-profit enterprises and their environmental performance. The two-stage DEA (Data Development Analysis) model is used to evaluate the business performance and environmental performance of U.S. S&P 500. The first stage evaluates the business performance, with total assets, employee and equity as the measurement indicators of input, and revenue and profit as the measurement indicator of output. The second stage evaluates the environmental performance, with the output in the first stage as the input indicator, and the green score (environmental impact, environmental management and environmental disclosure) of S&P 500 published in the Newsweek as the measurement indicators of output. Finally, Malmquist Productivity Index is used to measure the intertemporal (2009-2012) efficiency changes. The results suggest that in terms of industry classification, in 2012, the industry with the best business performance is consumer staples, the industry with the best environmental performance is the information technology, and the industry with the best overall performance (both business performance and environmental performance are considered) is consumer discretionary industry. In 2011-2012, the consumer staples industry has the greatest improvement in intertemporal efficiency, while the health care industry has the least improvement. The findings can serve as reference for the governments in environmental policy making, and the decision-making basis for investors in investing green enterprises or the public in purchasing green products.
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