| Summary: | 碩士 === 中山醫學大學 === 心理學系暨臨床心理學碩士班 === 103 === The purpose of this study is to apply the self-efficacy theory to explore physical activity behavior among older adults. A Cross-sectional study was used. One hundreds and sixteen older adults in New Taipei City Seniors Club were recruited by purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires included: a demographic data sheet, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, and the Outcome-Expectations for Exercise Scale. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson product correlation, one way ANOVA, and stepwise regression. The results showed as follows: (1) Walking was the most frequently physical activity and the second was light housework of the older adults. (2) Participants who had been lower physical activity were more likely to be female, having more chronic disease, and those who need to use a aids to assisted in walking. (3) Participants who had been lower self-efficacy for exercise were more likely to be female, living alone and having more chronic disease. (4) Most of the older adults tend to have a positive attitude towards exercise. Participants who had been lower outcome-expectations for exercise were more likely to be female, 75-79 year-old age group, living alone, having more chronic disease, and those who need to use a aids to assisted in walking. (5) Physical activity positively correlated with the self-efficacy for exercise and the outcome-expectations for exercise (p <.001). In addition, There were significant correlation between self-efficacy for exercise and outcome-expectations for exercise (p <.001). (6) Stepwise regression analysis showed that the three independent variables of self-efficacy for exercise, the outcome-expectations for exercise, and whether or not to use of a aids to assisted in walking account for 28.5% variances of physical activity. The results in this study showed the self-efficacy for exercise and the outcome-expectations for exercise were positive correlation between the physical activity. It implied that promoting the confidence and the positive expectations in the exercise of the older adults would contribute to improving their physical activity. Conversely, promoting the physical activity of the older adults should contribute to increasing their self-efficacy and positive expectations in the exercise, and whether or not further it affect the behavior of regular exercise remain future to explore.
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