| Summary: | 碩士 === 嘉南藥理大學 === 保健營養系 === 103 === According to the literature, the individuals who had insufficient intakes of fruits and vegetables, and preferred to eat high-calorie fried foods and sugar-sweetened beverages are more prone to have unstable emotional control.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the associations of the dietary intake related factors to impulsive personality and aggressive behavior among the elementary school children. A total of 146 5th- & 6th-grade students (81 boys, 55.5%; 65 girls,44.5% ) were recruited, by convenience sampling. Self-reported questionnaires of students and parents were employed as measuring tools. The questionnaire included four parts: dietary intake habits, food preferences, impulsive personality and aggressive behavior. The results showed that the dietary intake habits positively correlated with food preferences (r=0.608, p=0.000),and the impulsive personality positively correlated with the aggressive behavior(r=0.718, p=0.000).The dietary intake habits and food preferences had negative correlation with the impulsive personality (r= - 0.370, p=0.000 and r= - 0.396, p=0.000, respectively). The dietary intake habits had significant differences with the overall impulsive personality (F＝5.56﹐p＝0.005). The food preferences had significant differences with the overall impulsive personality (F＝8.46﹐p＝0.000) . The impulsivity was significantly different from the overall dietary intake habits (F＝11.06﹐p＝0.000). The impulsivity was significantly different from the overall the food preferences (F＝11.85﹐p＝0.000).The impulsive personality had significant differences with the dietary intake habit of eating at least three dishes vegetable each day (F＝7.48﹐p＝0.001). The impulsive personality had significant differences with the dietary intake habit of eating at least two servings of fruit each day (F＝6.29﹐p＝0.002). The impulsive personality had significant differences with the dietary intake habit of eating dark green vegetable (F＝8.14﹐p＝0.000). The impulsive personality had significant differences with the dietary intake habit of eating such as apples and kiwi fruit (F＝6.52﹐p＝0.002). The impulsive personality had significant differences with the dietary intake habit of eating foods such as pumpkin seeds and walnuts (F＝8.79﹐p＝0.000). The impulsivity also had differences from the preferences of eating fish (F＝5.06﹐p＝0.008), seafood (F＝4.32﹐p＝0.015), soy foods (F＝4.49﹐p＝0.013), fast foods (F＝6.08﹐p＝0.003), and drinking sugar-sweetened beverages (F＝7.12﹐p＝0.001). The impulsivity was significantly different from the dietary intake habits of vegetables and the overall dietary intake habits. The aggressive behavior was significant different from the dietary intake habits of eating at least three dishes vegetable each day (F＝3.71﹐p＝0.027). The aggressive behavior had significant differences with the food preferences of eating fast foods (F＝3.52﹐p＝0.032), drinking sugar-sweetened beverages (F＝7.28﹐p＝0.001), and the overall food preferences (F＝3.66﹐p＝0.028). The study suggested that it might improve the impulsive personality and aggressive behavior of school children by educating them to reducing their preferences of some high-calorie and low-nutrient density foods including fast foods, and sugar-sweetened beverages, which considered to have some health concerns, as well as eating at least three dishes vegetable each day.
Keywords: elementary school students, dietary intake habit, food preference,
impulsive personality, aggressive behavior
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