A Study on the Morphological Construction of Hakka Fo^Fongˇ(伙房) Spaces in the Dongshi Region

• Main Authors: Huai-Ren Liou, 劉懷仁
• Other Authors: Hui-Cheng Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2014
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k8dvyj

碩士 === 國立臺北藝術大學 === 建築與文化資產研究所 === 102 === While migrating, the Hakka people sought to settle down and get on with their lives. After the new land was developed, it formed into a settlement, becoming a new home for the Hakka people. The most fundamental and extensive element within the settlement is the housing. Due to the impact of both the 921 Earthquake and modernization, however, traditional architecture has been rapidly disappearing throughout the Dongshi region. During this urgent time, the pace must be quickened. As a result, this study examines the Hakka Fo^ Fongˇ in the Dongshi region for discussion by exploring their space and functions. This study employs a variety of research techniques, including the document method, the interview method, and building surveying. Through the document method, historical literature is consolidated and discussed to examine the history, settlement, and Fo^ Fongˇ of the Dongshi region. The interview method is conducted orally. For this study, a group of questions was prepared that focuses on vital issues for two-way communication. The interviews are supplemented with field observations and listening. While maintaining neutrality during the entire process, the interviewer timely records the innate characteristics and truthfulness of the respondents. The building surveying applies to the first-hand surveying and mapping data in the literature. The mapping diagrams enable people to understand the constitutions of each internal space, the arrangements of indoor and outdoor dynamic lines, and other such conditions. These are used as diagrams for analysis on how the space is used. The outcomes discovered by this study are as follows: (1) Data from census records, documents, and photos after the 921 Earthquake reveal that a total of 53 such dwellings now remain; (2) The relationship between the Fo^ Fongˇ and the natural environment employ certain principles for location, such as facing the water with the back to the mountains, facing the high waters on the other side, and facing lower water to higher water; (3) There a total of eleven types of Fo^ Fongˇ with four kinds of top walls. The eleven types of Fo^ Fongˇ are as follows: Five spatial dwellings, one main hall and two horizontal dwellings, one main hall and two horizontal dwellings with a gatehouse, one main hall and three horizontal dwellings, one main hall and four horizontal dwellings, one main hall and four horizontal dwellings with a top wall, one main hall and four horizontal dwellings with a top wall and gatehouse, one main hall and five horizontal dwellings with a roof and gatehouse, one main hall and six horizontal dwellings with a top wall and gatehouse, and two main halls and four horizontal dwellings, and two main halls and four horizontal dwellings. The four kinds of top walls are as follows: front top wall, back top wall, front and back top wall, and square top wall; (4) There are six kinds of transformative spaces within the dwellings of the Fo^ Fongˇ: inside ↔ outside, secular ↔ sacred, and public ↔ private; (5) The space of Fo^ Fongˇ are differentiated for “ceremonial rituals” and “practical use”, with space for “ceremonial rituals” forming the core of the lower halls. The space of the lower halls uses the eight directions of “front respect, back humble”, “middle respect, partial humble”, “left respect, right humble”, and “up respect, down humble”. The areas for “practical use” can be categorized by their functions: living, service, production, and others.