Study on the Agriculture and Medical usages of Jatropha curcas L. Seeds

• Main Authors: Chou, Yi-Tung, 周懿彤
• Other Authors: Tu, Yao-Jen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2014
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21188980570338100917

碩士 === 實踐大學 === 食品營養與保健生技學系碩士班 === 102 === Jatropha curcas L. is a multipurpose shrub of significant economic importance because of its several potential industrial and medicinal uses. Jatropha curcas L.seeds contain 52.0~59.2 % oil, which can be converted to high quality biodiesel. The kernel cake is the major by-product of the Jatropha biodiesel industry, the seed cake meal were rich in crude protein (53~63%). The study was to investigate the effects of replacing soybean meal by detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal (90 % methanol-sodium hydroxide, 121 ◦ C for 15 min) in the diet of growing pig on their growth, serum biochemical parameter and visceral organ weight. These results show that have no significant effects were observed on visceral organ weights, serum biochemical parameters, and histomorphology of livers and kidneys of pigs fed 50 % compared to the control group; and tested the response of ricefield, cabbage and Jatropha curcas plants to jatropha cake used as organic manure. Jatropha cake significantly increased the rice, cabbage and seed yield of Jatropha curcas, the treatment receiving 10 t/ha2, 2.5~10 t/ha2 and 0.75~3 t/ha2 recorded the highest seed yield of 11 %, 40~113 % and 13~ 120 %, respectively. The seed cake contains toxins phorbol esters (2.08~2.82 mg/g), these toxins are detrimental to bacteria, fungi, invertebrates and vertebrates. Isolated phorbol ester rich fraction was used to evaluate the activity of phorbol esters using three aquatic species based bioassays Homopteran (peach aphid), Lepidopteran (cabbage butterfly) and Coleopteran (rice weevil), ethanol extracts of seeds all showed activity against the three insect species, with peach aphid (Myzus persicae) contact LC50 values of 2.08 g/L, cabbage butterfly (Preris rapae) contact LC50 values of 3.08 g/L, rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) insecticidal LC50 values of 3.07 g/L; the sensitivity of microorganisms for phorbol esters was also tested, Fusarium semitectum of fungi exhibited EC50 of 580mg/L, EC100 of 3000 mg/L.However, Jatropha curcas L. also contains phytates (7.2~10.1 %), saponins (2.0~3.4 %), tannins (0.22~0.48 %), lectins activity (51~102 mg/mL) and trypsin inhibitors (21.1~26.5 mg/g), although they can reduce the formation of kidney stones, blood glucose levels and inhibit free radical formation; antibacterial, insecticidal, cardiac stimulant, anticancer drugs, cosmetic additives; inhibit microbial growth, antioxidant, anticancer, antimutagenic; blood type identification, cell identification media, clinical cancer diagnosis, pesticides. However, extraction from Jatropha curcas and explore its function of the literature is less.