| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 數位學習與教育研究所 === 102 === The multi-groups analysis of the structural equation model was applied in the study to examine if the structure of the Standardized Spatial Ability Test (SPAT) is measurement invariant across the years 2007 and 2009, and if the measurement invariance across years can be confirmed, the latent factor means of 2007 and 2009 can be obtained and compared.
The results showed that, the data structure of SPAT in the years successfully passed seven invariance testings of configure, factor loading, intercept, measurement error, latent factor variance, latent factor covariance and latent factor mean structure, which provided evidence that SPAT can be used in the ensuing years and the two means comparisons (latent factor means and observed score means) are the same showing that the 2007 norm scored higher than the 2009 sample.
The study concluded and suggested that multi-groups analysis of measurement invariance be incorporated into regular procedures for test development and maintenance to continuously increase test validity in use and in comparing different groups across genders, regions, time or any groups of interest.
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