| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 政治學研究所 === 102 === Urban renewal has always been regarded as a major economic development policy; thus, whenever the economy takes a downturn, it is a policy tool often used to enliven industry, create jobs and stimulate the industrial momentum. However, the rapid changes in the internal and external environmental contexts of policies also caused the problems with the pre-established urban renewal policy to emerge, thereby fostering the gradual emergence of public confusion, doubts, and opposition to the urban renewal policy. It apparently reflects the policy voids of the Urban Renewal Regulation and manifests an era of democratic governance and values. In light of which, a full-scale examination shall be conducted to evaluate the urban renewal policy neglect and voids in the hope of enhancing the propriety of the policy.
Data for the paper were compiled and studied through policy narratives and documentary analysis. The primary concern of the study is to delve into the policy generation changes of the Urban Renewal Regulation and the essential historical events of the Wenlin-Yuan Project. The Urban Renewal Regulation ratified in 1998 was the first policy generation of the law; the second policy generation was developed in the decade between 2000 and 2010; the third policy generation commenced in 2012, upon the event of the Wenlin-Yuan Project dispute. The paper delves into the policy in four parts: Part 1 – an analysis of the development history of the Urban Renewal Regulation and the factors causing the policy deinstitutionalization; Part 2 – the policy voids of the first and second policy generations; Part 3 – Major focal events: the implications and effect of the Wenlin-Yuan Project on the urban renewal policy and the significance of the interpretation defined in the Judicial Yuan Fan No. 709 on the urban renewal policy affordances; Part 4 – verifiability of the urban renewal policy generation changes and the related propositions of the Wenlin-Yuan Project. In solution of the aforementioned problems, the paper examines the evolution of Urban Renewal Regulation from the perspective of policy changes and through the concepts of policy neglect, policy voids, policy deinstitutionalization, and policy affordances, and thereafter conduct an academic-practical dialogue hinged on the core topics of the policy generation and the event-related propositions.
The study revealed three major core topics: In Part 1, on the matter of the nature of policy generation changes of the Urban Renewal Regulation, the first policy generation had a problem-solving and political orientation. The second policy generation had an efficiency (performance) and government administration orientation; whereas, the third policy generation veered more towards democratic participation and political orientation. On the other hand, in Part 2, from the governance implications of the Wenlin-Yuan Project, it was noted that cooperation had become the mainstream value of the era and that mutual opposition is a contradiction to this trend. It is essential to provide solutions to the crux of the problem and institute sincere negotiations to eliminate prejudice, douse down high emotional reactions, and strengthen the authority of negotiation platforms. In part 3, following an examination of the policy generation propositions and theorem and the case evaluation, the study found that policy changes are correlated to the urban renewal policy changes and the shifts in the foci of policy concerns at the time, and the latter is correlated to the problems overlooked by the previous policies for a long period of time. In the field of the respective urban renewal policy generations, for any consequential new generation, the related policy measures and tools always manifest a convergence toward the generation value. Appropriate tools required for the development of urban renewal policies are not easy to completely obtain in practice. If upon the discovery of the presence of a serious problem with the current policy in force an urban renewal policy implementer should be unable to resolve the problem through an amendment of the existing policy, it shall be necessary to develop a whole new set of policy tools, and the new policy changes are thereafter initiated. If, in the aspect of urban renewal decision-making consideration, the problems of a particular aspect are overlooked for too long, the project implementers would have to face and tackle a greater amount of pressure in the long run. After reviewing the aspect for the event-related propositions, the policy solutions proposed by all participants in the field of urban renewal policy would vary according to the interests and motives of the participants, thereby generating scenarios for modulating and adaptation to external urban renewal policies. Furthermore, the Wenlin-Yuan Project was initially a small uninteresting local dispute that gained widespread attention. The effect of joint mobilization of the Taiwan Alliance for the Victims of Urban Renewal and other social organizations concurred to link with the focusing event of the Wenlin-Yuan Project; however, their efforts did not have the magnanimity of the influence of U.S. interest groups. Finally, there’s a correlation between the urban renewal policy concepts and the respective policy generation changes; thus the policy learning as a result of the Wenlin-Yuan Project would gradually die down as time progresses.
Recommendations of the study were presented in six parts; that is, (1) for upgrading from voids to affordances in terms of the policy regime, it is imperative to form an urban renewal conductive organization; (2) for upgrading from voids to affordances in terms of the policy objectives, the urban renewal should be properly integrated with disaster prevention policies; (3) for upgrading from voids to affordances in terms of the policy tools, it is imperative to establish excellent public hearing or democratic participation tools; (4) for upgrading from voids to affordances in terms of the policy implementers, it is imperative that measures for upgrading and cultivating civil force should be defined; (5) for upgrading from voids to affordances in terms of policy conflicts, it is imperative that the government-led urban renewal efforts should be guided properly; (6) for upgrading from voids to affordances resulting from policy conflicts, it is urgently imperative that attitudes and methods adopted towards different objecting residents be adjusted and confronted properly.
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