| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立清華大學 === 工業工程與工程管理學系 === 102 === Global warming has influenced our daily life significantly. The price of fossil fuel energy is increasing recently because of the limited supplies and the growth of energy demand. Furthermore, using traditional fossil fuel will generate more greenhouse gases causing other negative social impact. Hence, executing and promoting green energy policies have become the most important issues for governments around the world. Taiwan government also implements many new energy developing policies to change the energy structure, enhance the development of renewable energy, and reduce carbon dioxide emission. The photovoltaic industry in Taiwan is competitive because of complete supply chain and plenty semi-conductor talents. Above reasons make solar energy becomes the favorable options for implementing renewable energy. However, reducing carbon dioxide emission and promoting renewable energy needs well thought and executable policies and regulations. Many countries have taken more active actions, such as carbon tax and carbon trade. Carbon tax is levied based on the quantity of carbon generated during operations, e.g., power plant generating electricity. Therefore, how to decide a reasonable and effective tax rate is an important issue for governments. If the margin cost of reducing carbon dioxide emission is lower than the carbon tax rate, the emission sources will be effectively reduced continuously; otherwise it will not be effective in carbon reduction. As a result, government can control the tax rate to reach their goals of clean air. This research uses System Dynamics (SD) approach to evaluate the influence of carbon tax on the PV system installation and the fluctuation of electricity cost. Meanwhile, it also evaluates the allocation of tax incomes in supporting renewable energy, i.e., PV installation. We build qualitative and quantitative models using different scenarios to evaluate the potential achievements of tax incomes, emission reductions, electricity cost, and PV capacities. The results serve as valuable references for governments making decisions in renewable energy and carbon reduction policies.
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