| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄第一科技大學 === 環境與安全衛生工程研究所 === 102 === This study aimed to investigate the emission of particulate matters (PMs) from civil construction operations. The pollution prevention efficiencies of PMs for both applying control technologies and prevention strategies were also investigated. Samples of particulate pollutants were collected from the surroundings of different construction sites. 5 types of construction operations from 31 constructions sites were sampled for estimating TSP emission coefficients. Based on the field sampling results, some emission coefficient of TSP for various kinds of construction activities including 0.1038 kg/m2/month for building construction, 0.1484 kg/m2/month for road work, 0.1028 kg/m2/month for bridge construction, and 0.0989 kg/m2/month for other kinds of construction were established in the study..
Both types of construction operations and wind speeds are two major factors affecting the emission of PMs from civil construction sites. The emission and reduction of PMs for construction works are usually related to several factors including uncovered excavation surfaces, fugitive road dusts from transportations, and prevention activities applied to construction sites. In addition, the air pollution control facilities installed on construction sites were analyzed, which shows that the percentages of exposed ground surface, upper level material transfer and the installation of bulletin were 98.1%, 95.1% and 91.1%, respectively. However, the compliance with management rules was still low (61.0%) for the covering of transportation vehicles. The reason could be that most of trucks were not covered 15cm below the top of trunk.
Some pollution prevention technologies for reducing the emission of PMs were suggested. They are: reducing the amount of uncovered residual soil (reducing 50~70% TSP emission), applying PC/PAC pavement (reducing 50% TSP emission), applying “water sprinkling” for every 2~4 hrs (reducing 50% TSP emission), and establishing 1.8-m high fences (reducing 40% TSP emission). However, if the control of construction site is practiced only to reduce pollution and no change or improvement of construction method or control measure is developed, a full-scale control is unlikely to be achieved. It is suggested to develop more effective techniques and methods for the control of escaping pollutants from constructions. In addition, the continuous development of local pollutant emission coefficients is still the reference basis for the establishment of control measures and performance assessments, and therefore its further implementation is recommended.
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