Effect of Weed Management on Agronomic Characters,Chemical Composition and Cost Profit of Organic Adzuki Beans

• Main Author: 施文儒
• Other Authors: Chin-Jin Hou
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93393433852999831439

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 農藝學系研究所 === 102 === This experiment used adzuki bean KS8 and KS9 as experimental materials, which were planted at an organic farmland at Putzu Chiayi. This experimentatil on first spring crop were planted at March 11, 2012; second spring crop were planted at January 2, 2013. the harvest time of first spring crop were at June 11, 2012; the second spring crop were at May 2, 2013. The weed management were different intertillage method (intertillage once, intertillage twice and no intertillage); different mulch treatment (rice straw, rice hull and peanut hull) and interplant green manure (Sesbania, Sun Hemp and Soybean). In the growth period of adzuki beans that the field weed flora changes, and the agronomic characters and yield, seed common composition and cost benefit were investigated at adzuki beans harvest. The results of that: The weed dry weight and density were significant restrain by intertillage treatments once to twice at the two spring crop. the best treatment among intertillage twice. The weed flora in intertillage treatment at spring crop of 2012 was Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae)(68%), Echinochloa colona (L.) Link.(Gramineae)(15.08%); and at spring crop of 2013 was Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (Gramineae)(50%), Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae)(13.46%) and Solanum nigrum L.( Solanaceae)(11.0%).In the yield , intertillage treatment both promoted the sedds yield in adzuki beans. In mulch treatment,The weed density and dry weight were were significant restrain by mulch rice straw, rice hull and peanut hull. the weed dry weight was lower at KS8 and KS9 by mulch rice straw at spring crop of 2012. and the weed density was lower by mulch peanut hull and rice straw. In the spring crop of 2013, the weed dry weight was lower at KS8 and KS9 by mulch peanut hull and rice straw. and the weed density was lower by mulch rice hull and peanut hull. the weed flora inmulch treatment of 2012 was Amaranthus viridis L.( Amaranthaceae)(59.41%), Echinochloa colona (L.) Link.(Gramineae) (16.3%); and in 2013 was Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (Gramineae)(63%), Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae)(17.26%). In the yield, the mulch treatment were not significant at spring crop of 2012. and in 2013, the mulch treatment in KS8, the seeds yield were not significant, and the seeds yield in KS9 was higher by mulch rice straw( 12067.03g/10m2 ). In the interplant green manure treatment,the weed dry weight and density were significant restrain by interplant green manure treatment.the weed dry weight was lower by interplant sesbania in KS8 and KS9 at spring crop of 2012.(The weed dry weight was 6.06g at KS8; the KS9 was 0.58g at planted after 60th days.) and the weed density in KS8 and KS9 were not consistency; In the spring crop of 2013, the weed dry weight in KS8 interplant sesbania and sun hemp at planted after 60th days was lower(2.15 and 0.95g), and the weed density was lower at planted after 40th days by interplant sun hemp(6.06 plants/m2); in KS9, the weed dry weight and density were not consistency.Theweed flora in interplantgreen manure at2012was Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae) (74.21%),Echinochloa colona(L.)Link. (Gramineae)(10.25%) andChenopodium serotinumL.(Chenopodiaceae)(10.1%); and in 2013 was Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (Gramineae)(65.2%) and Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) (15.51%). In the yield, the KS8 seeds yield was higher by interplant soy bean and sun hemp (1126.91 and 1240.01 g/10m2) at spring crop of 2012. In KS9 was not significant in mulch treatment; in 2013, the seeds yield in KS8 and KS9 were both best by interplant sesbania(11455.09 and 10528.68 g/10m2). And in seeds chemical composition content, the seeds crude fat and protein were significant promoted by intertillage, mulch and interplant green manure. In 2012, the crude fat at KS8 and KS9 were not significant, and crude protein was best by intertillage twice(18.65% and 26.46%); in 2013, the crude fat (0.93%)content at KS8 was higher by convention treatment, the crude protein(20.33%) in KS9 was best by twice; In mulch treatment, the crude fat (0.7%)and protein (18.63%)were higher by mulch peanut hull and rice husk; in KS9 the crude fat (0.79%) and protein (24.73%)were also mulch peanut hull and rice husk; in 2013, the crude fat (0.93%) and protein (21.42%)were higher by convention and mulch rice straw; in KS9, the crude fat(1.71%) and protein(21.66%) were best by mulch rice husk and convention; in green manure treatment, the KS8 was higher crude fat (0.68%)and protein(18.75%) by interplant sesbania and soybean in spring crop of 2012; the KS9 was higher crude fat (0.86%)and protein(25.16%) by interplant sesbania and soybean; in 2013, the crude fat(0.99%) and protein(20.64%) in KS8 was best by interplant sun hemp and sesbania. In KS9 the crude fat(1.14%) and protein(23.17%) were also best by interplant sun hemp and sesbanis. In different varieties at spring crop of 2012 and 2013, the crude fat and protein of KS9 were best than of KS8. In cost benefit analysis, the adzuki beans organic cultivate at KS8 has higher net profit by intertillage twice, no mulch and interplant sun hemp；in KS9 has higher net profit byintertillage twice, no mulch and interplant soybean. In 2013, the KS8 has higher net profit by intertillage once, mulch rice husk and interplant soybean;the KS9, has higher net profit by intertillage once, mulch peanut hull and interplant sesbania. Above these results, the adzuki beans by intertillage, mulch and interplant green manure not only significant restrain weed density, but also promoted the agronomic characters and yield, seeds chemical composition. and also promoted organic adzuki beans net profit.