| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立體育大學 === 競技與教練科學研究所 === 102 === The purpose of this study is to analyze the isokinetic peak torque of 100 meter sprinters and long jumpers in order to mark the difference of strength between them as a training guide for players and coaches. The subjects are the twenty-four senior high school 100 meter sprinters and long jumpers, all of whom are top eight qualified county/city players. The investigations of the players are carried out before the test, including height, weight, age, years of training, and performance records. During the test, SANYO high-speed digital camera is used to shoot the maximum instantaneous horizontal velocity of the 30 meter acceleration. In addition, BIODEX system dynamometer is used to test the strength of the trunks, hips, knees and ankle joints. As for the data processing, with the aid of CyberLink PowerDVD 9, the pixels can be cut out and computed. Through the software, EXCEL, Horizontal movement can be extracted and the data of peak torque combined with flexion and extension axes in the isokinetic experiment could be processed. The software package, SPSS 12.0, can offer further analyses with a number of statistical techniques. For example, independence-sample t-test is adopted to undertake the difference analysis of the subjects’ trunks, hips, knees and ankle joints. What is more, when the maximum instantaneous horizontal velocity is eliminated, another difference analysis is done with ANCOVA. Pearson's product-moment correlation shows that the significant level p<.05 between peak torque and the maximum instantaneous horizontal velocity.
The results of the study are as follows:
1.At the angular velocity 60˚/s of the hip joint of the dominant leg, the average point of flexion in 100 meter sprint is higher than that in long jump and shows a significant difference in the way of conducting the t-test and ANCOVA. This indicates that the 100 meter sprinters’ strength of the muscles of flexion in the low-speed hip joints of the dominant leg is obviously greater than the long jumpers’.
2.With the use of the t-test and ANCOVA, at the angular velocity 300˚/s of the hip joint of the dominant leg, the F/E ratio is higher in 100 meter sprint than in long jump and shows a significant difference. The result suggests that 100 meter sprinters’ strength of the muscles in the hip joints of the dominant leg shows little difference in both high-speed extension and flexion but is highly greater than the long jumpers’.
3.At the angular velocity 120˚/s of the hip joint of the dominant leg, the peak torque of extension is higher in long jump than in 100 meter sprint in the t-test and shows a significant difference. This means that when jumping, the long jumpers’ strength of muscles in plantar flexion of ankle joints is apparently greater than the 100 meter sprinters’.
4.In the group of long jumpers, at the angular velocity 60˚/s of the trunk, a negative correlation exists between the flexion and the maximum instantaneous horizontal velocity. The possible reason is that the strength of the trunk muscles is not the main cause to influence the horizontal velocity.
5.In the group of 100 meter sprinters, at the angular velocity 240˚/s and 300˚/s of the knee joints of the dominant leg, the flexion has a significant correlation with the maximum instantaneous horizontal velocity. This indicates that the flexion of the fast Quadriceps like back stomp and forward swing in the running cycles can benefit the athletes’ horizontal speed.
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