| Summary: | 博士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 社會政策與社會工作學系 === 102 === This study tries to explore working modes of social workers entering Atayal tribes. With the thinking of cross-cultural work, social workers can be more sensitive developing social services in ways closing to local cultural contexts and traditional values in Atayal tribal areas, lest the welfare colonization and damaging splits among ethnic groups would be resulted from the monophonic normative mode of social services.
This study applies critical ethnography and action research as research method, based on the long-term fieldwork and practical experience, sorting out cross-cultural experiences of relative social workers working in the Atayal tribes. Meanwhile, this study will take the“ Daan river tribal communal kitchen”as the main field to conduct practice and reflection, trying to develop cross-cultural working modes in action. Each tribe is changing and diverse, social workers working with tribe people have to adjust the working method flexibly according to different condition in different tribes. This would be a kind of working method on mutual-subjectivity, not only within social workers and their clients but also on the level of communities and peoples. The concern is how social workers organize and form a local work structure, collaborating through perspectives from ethnic affairs.
This study not only emphasizes on that workers live in the tribes, but also on that workers can be used for the tribes, and work initiated and guided by the tribe people rather than the workers as an ultimate ideal, and to achieve this aim needs a process of empowerment and collaborating, as well as continuingly reflection on the relationships between the tribe people and exterior social workers or NGOs. Which position should the social workers work at? What strategy should take while there are distance between manipulated tribal organizations and tribal subjectivity? After fully assessment and understanding the tribal cultural context, should the empowerment be endogenous or exogenous? The strategy of Daan river is the “organizational capacity-building plans packaged in social welfare projects,”through the inputting resources from the government and exterior NGOs, and bringing up caring workers, we not only deliver services and push the tribal care affair, but also develop the local workers and the local organization empowerment. Finally, there are several conclusions posed as follows:
1.Social workers should re-understanding Atayal culture and viewpoints: the core culture concept in Atayal area is ancestors’spirits “Utux”and traditional norm”Gaga”. Social workers should learn the Atyal traditional helping system and worldview. The Atyal mutual helping and sharing system is worth learning. This study tries to describe the Atyal people’s worldview, comparing to original work mode on single household of social work, this study propose the systematic view of tribal culture, and work mode on clan.
2. In relation to the sorting and analysis of the experiences of social workers in Atayal tribe area, this article recognizes that social work profession should do the adjustment and response to the differences of indigenous cultures through real cross- cultural experiences.
3. The dynamic modes that is of mutual-subjectivity with indigenous tribes: This mode is risen from real practice. Also, in addition to traditional welfare service, indigenous social work should concern more on the land ethic and move toward solidarity economy of livelihood.
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