| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 環境工程學系 === 102 === Declining water quality and quantity is an imminent problem for Davao city, the Philippines. In this study, needs of implementation of participatory approach to water quality management is highlighted in order to co-generate conservation and sustainable development outcomes by means of local actions. First, the overall situation of quality and quantity aspects of water use and supply were studied. Through communications including phone calls and direct interview, key actors in the management process were identified, and the statistics were summarized in the form of water balance in the basin. Then, a process of participatory water management was proposed based on the experiences from community immersion and participation in Non-Government Organizational activities conducted on-site, as well as from evaluation framework literature for projects in southern Africa.
To discuss the use of land and water resources at a watershed level, a water balance was constructed with integrated data from river gauges, rain statistics, soil type maps and piped water usage from the Davao City Water District (DCWD). Agriculture (ex. the Banana Growers Association), industrial (ex. bottling companies) and domestic (represented by DCWD) sectors are identified as the stakeholders, who use a combination of private wells, springs, and public infrastructure as water sources. In Davao, water related information was well documented but scattered among different sections of government, and suffers from poor accessibility. Lack of temporal and regional comprehensiveness was another problem that hinders the utilization of the documented statistics. The holistic picture of water balances of the watershed constructed in this study is a useful interpretation on the basis of best efforts constructed from the existing statistics, to discuss secure use of water in a sustainable manner. To demonstrate the use of water balance, pollutions from point and non-point sources within the watershed are discussed using Total Maximum Daily Load. The estimated inputs to model availability and contamination are outlined within this research to act as suggestions for open-source community based monitoring efforts. From the process-based research, the localized data does not have rigorous, representative data sets which account for appropriate management-level modeling.
The participatory approach for Davao city is evaluated through access to information on a local level, and meaningful opportunities for engagement in The Philippines, A Republic that has the largest representation of NGO’s in the world. Participatory Management as a successful process requires criteria that are specific and unique to the grassroots framework, where participants and users are included in the collection, dissemination, and benefits of the knowledge and data, that is the co-generation of knowledge in a practiced, politically recognized, on-the ground reality.
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