A Study on Computer Image Modeling and Simulation for Pedicle Screw Implantation

• Main Authors: Yi-HsiuChien, 簡義修
• Other Authors: Yung-Nien Sun
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2014
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62154622716349032329

碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 資訊工程學系 === 102 === Due to the fast increase of aging population, the need of spinal surgery increases as well. The rapidly increasing cases of spinal surgery become a major concern in aging care recently. One of the most popular treatments of spinal surgery is the spinal fusion surgery. Spinal fusion is a surgery to permanently connect two or more vertebras in order to reducing the pain by eliminating motion between them. This surgery relies on the professional surgeon’s technique and experience; the inserting position and the drilling path of pedicle screws play a critical role and affect the success of surgery. Therefore, in this research, a surgical training system is designed and implemented to provide novice surgeons with a simulation system which can be used for practicing pedicle screw implantation and getting familiar with surgical procedures. In this system, a bone segmentation method based on image reclassification was first designed to construct the spine model from computer tomography (CT) images which provide high contrast information of bone structure. Moreover, the magnetic resonance (MR) images from different scanning modes were combined after image registration to form a more complete MR image volume which provides better contrast information of soft tissues in order to reconstruct the soft organ models, such as artery vein or nerves, around the spine. By applying bone model registration to the MR images, the soft organ models were integrated with the bone model to constitute a complete spine image model which was then used in the surgical simulation system. With the complete spine image model and the designed surgical tool models, the scenario of surgical operations was designed to simulate the spine surgery on the computer screen. The positioning and path of tool models and the detection of tool cutting with other organs were designed and implemented to simulate the operations of real clinical surgery in 3D. Some additional system functions, including warning light detection when touching soft tissue model, making spine model semi-transparent to display the position of pedicle screws, and after surgery replay of recorded surgical procedure, were also implemented in order to help surgeons better understand the situations of simulated operations after the use of training system. Keyword: spine, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, image registration, model registration, scenario simulation