Distribution, taxonomy and artificial culture of Mycena chlorophos with reference to a new species in Taiwan

• Main Authors: Yu-Shen Shih, 施雨伸
• Other Authors: Hsiao-Wei Kao
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2014
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27qh49

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 生命科學系所 === 102 === Mycena chlorophos is a luminous mushroom which distributes in the bamboo forests of Taiwan. Until now, no research paper of Taiwanese M. chlorophos has been published yet . This study aimed to investigate distribution, taxonomy and artificial culture of Taiwanese M. chlorophos. An extensive whole island sampling was conducted in Taiwan including different latitudes and altitudes. All specimens of M. chlorophos were collected from bamboo forests in Shiding of New Taipei City, Sanyi of Miaoli County, Sitou of Nantou County, Alishan of Chiayi County, Dongshan of Tainan City, Neipu of Pingtung County, Kenting of Pingtung County and Mataian of Hualien County. In morphology, no synapomorphic characteristic was found among specimens from different regions. Thus they were identified as same species by morphology. However, luminous and non-luminous fruit bodies of M. chlorophos were discovered from different regions of Taiwan. In the northern population of Taiwan (include Shiding and Sanyi), the fruiting bodies were lack of luminescence. At Sitou and Kenting, both luminous and non-luminous fruiting bodies were discovered. In the other populations of Taiwan (include Alishan, Tainan, Pingtung and Hualien), all fruiting bodies were luminous. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed by DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) supported that genetic differentiation was occurred between northern and the rest of other populations of Taiwan. Genetic differentiation was also supported by phylogenetic network of ITS and principle component analysis of ISSR. For the ITS DNA sequences, 2~3% sequence differences between northern and the rest of other populations were observed. It suggested that the northern population might has different origins from the rest of other populations. In the mating compatibility tests, mycelia from luminous and non- luminous specimens were capable to form clamps suggesting that luminous and non- luminous specimens were the same species. In this study, a species morphologically differs from M. chlorophos were also collected from tropical forest of the Kenting National Park in Taiwan, herein described as Mycena kentingensis. Phylogenetic analyses supported that M. kentingensis was a different species from M. chlorphos. In the culture tests, mycelium of M. chlorophos can grow on peat moss and decaying bamboo. Mycelium of M. kentingensis can grow on commercially available compost, and decaying wood of four plant species. The culture conditions for M. chlorophos include mycelium grown at 28°C for 4 weeks and stimulating fruit-body formation at 20°C for 3 weeks. Culture of M. kentingensis only needs 5 weeks at 24°C. The easy culture makes M. kentingensis a promising model organism for future research.