| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 環境工程學系所 === 102 === In this study, the characteristics of PM2.5 and their source apportionments in Taichung and Pingtung areas were evaluated by using a chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. The data of the chemical compositions of PM2.5 were obtained from the measurements conducted at Taichung during January to December in 2010 and at eight sites in Pingtung area during March to April in 2013. The object of this study was to investigate the characteristics of PM2.5 and to understand the contribution of pollution sources to PM2.5.
Comparing the characteristics of PM2.5 in these two areas, the average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Taichung area was 31.6 ± 16.0 μg/m3. The percentage of water-soluble ions, total carbon and metals in PM2.5 were 41.9%, 26.3% and 5.1%,respectively. However, the average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Pingtung area was 49.6 ± 15.0 μg/m3. The abundance of water-soluble ions, total carbon and metals in PM2.5 were 49.1%, 33.3% and 4.6%. These results showed that the mass concentration,the contents of water-soluble ions and total carbon of PM2.5 in Pingtung were higher than those in Taichung. The major ionic species of PM2.5 in both areas were SO42-, NO3- and NH4+.
In order to use CMB receptor model to evaluate the source apportionment of PM2.5 in these two areas, this study collected and summarized 54 fingerprints from various pollution sources reported in the literature.
Particularly the suitability of source profile from the vehicular emission was tested. Results of CMB modeling showed that the contributions to PM2.5 in Taichung were about 41% from traffic emissions, 36% from secondary aerosols, 5.4% from crustal materials, 4.1% from power plant, 1.3% from industry and 1.5% from marine spray. In Pingtung area, the contributions to PM2.5 were about 45% traffic emissions, 42% secondary aerosols, 5.7% crustal materials, 1.1% marine spray, 2.3% power plant and 4.8% from industry. Based on this study and the results obtained in the literature, the major sources of PM2.5 were traffic emissions and secondary aerosols. Therefore the control of the traffic emissions and the reduction of precursors of the secondary aerosols should be the major strategies for improving the PM2.5 quality in these two areas.
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